Conductas de protección contra el COVID-19, personalidad y percepción de riesgo en adultos jóvenes de Cajamarca
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2023-10-16
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Resumen
El objetivo de esta investigación fue examinar las relaciones entre el cumplimiento de
conductas de protección, la percepción de riesgo del COVID-19 y los cinco rasgos de
personalidad en adultos de Cajamarca. Asimismo, como objetivo específico, se planteó
describir las diferencias en conductas de protección y percepción de riesgo según las
características sociodemográficas. Los participantes fueron 193 adultos emergentes entre
los 18 y 29 años (M = 22; DE = 3.35) de ambos sexos. Se aplicaron tres instrumentos: escala
de conductas de protección, escala de percepción de riesgo (Savadori y Lauriola, 2021) y el
BIF (Benet-Martínez y John, 1998). En cuanto al objetivo general, se halló que percepción
de riesgo y conciencia predijeron las conductas de protección total. Específicamente, las
conductas para promover la higiene y la limpieza tuvieron tres predictores: percepción de
riesgo, conciencia y apertura. Las conductas para evitar la cercanía social solo tuvieron un
predictor: conciencia. Asimismo, se halló que la edad se correlacionó con la percepción de
riesgo y que la cantidad de reuniones sociales se correlacionó negativamente con conductas
de protección y con sus dos dimensiones. También se hallaron diferencias según sexo en
percepción de riesgo y conductas de protección. Así también, se encontraron diferencias
según la gravedad de los síntomas y el número de vacunas. Por último, se discuten las
posibles explicaciones a estos hallazgos, se mencionan las limitaciones de la presente
investigación y se proponen recomendaciones para futuros estudios.
Palabras clave: conductas de protección contra el COVID-19, rasgos de personalidad,
percepción de riesgo
The objective of this research was to examine the relationships between compliance with protective behaviors, the perception of risk of COVID-19 and the five personality traits in adults from Cajamarca. Likewise, as a specific objective, it was proposed to describe the differences in protective behaviors and risk perception according to sociodemographic characteristics. Participants were 193 emerging adults between the ages of 18 and 29 (M = 22; SD = 3.35) of both sexes. Three instruments were applied: protective behavior scale (Savadori & Lauriola, 2021), risk perception scale (Savadori & Lauriola, 2021) and the BIF (Benet- Martínez and John, 1998). Regarding the general objective, it was found that risk perception and awareness predicted total protection behaviors. Specifically, behaviors to promote hygiene and cleanliness had three predictors: risk perception, awareness, and openness. Behaviors to avoid social closeness had only one predictor: awareness. Likewise, it was found that age was correlated with risk perception and that the number of social gatherings was negatively correlated with protective behaviors and with its two dimensions. Differences were also found according to sex in risk perception and protective behaviors. Likewise, differences were found according to the severity of the symptoms and the number of vaccinations. Finally, the possible explanations for these findings are discussed, the limitations of the present investigation are mentioned, and recommendations for future studies are proposed.
The objective of this research was to examine the relationships between compliance with protective behaviors, the perception of risk of COVID-19 and the five personality traits in adults from Cajamarca. Likewise, as a specific objective, it was proposed to describe the differences in protective behaviors and risk perception according to sociodemographic characteristics. Participants were 193 emerging adults between the ages of 18 and 29 (M = 22; SD = 3.35) of both sexes. Three instruments were applied: protective behavior scale (Savadori & Lauriola, 2021), risk perception scale (Savadori & Lauriola, 2021) and the BIF (Benet- Martínez and John, 1998). Regarding the general objective, it was found that risk perception and awareness predicted total protection behaviors. Specifically, behaviors to promote hygiene and cleanliness had three predictors: risk perception, awareness, and openness. Behaviors to avoid social closeness had only one predictor: awareness. Likewise, it was found that age was correlated with risk perception and that the number of social gatherings was negatively correlated with protective behaviors and with its two dimensions. Differences were also found according to sex in risk perception and protective behaviors. Likewise, differences were found according to the severity of the symptoms and the number of vaccinations. Finally, the possible explanations for these findings are discussed, the limitations of the present investigation are mentioned, and recommendations for future studies are proposed.
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COVID-19 (Enfermedad)--Perú--Cajamarca--Impacto, Adultos--Personalidad, Percepción del riesgo
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