Estudio de caso de un niño de 3° grado de primaria con dificultades en los procesos léxicos de la lectura y léxicos ortográficos de la escritura
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Date
2021-06-10
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Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En la etapa pre escolar, los niños adquieren las habilidades básicas que les permite desenvolverse de
manera adecuada en el ámbito escolar. Al no estimularse, los estudiantes reflejan diversas imprecisiones al
leer y escribir, afectando su rendimiento académico.
El presente caso se centra en un niño que cursa el 3er grado de primaria con dificultades en el proceso léxico
de la lectura y léxico ortográfico de la escritura. El objetivo del siguiente trabajo es estructurar un plan de
evaluación que nos permita tener un mejor panorama de las dificultades del niño para elaborar un plan de
intervención cuya finalidad sea compensarlas. Al término del plan de intervención trimestral, se espera que al
trabajar la ruta fonológica de la lectura, a través del conocimiento alfabético, las tareas de análisis y síntesis
fonológico y lectura de pseudopalabras – impacte en la precisión lectora. Del mismo modo, si se trabaja la
ruta directa mejora en la velocidad al leer. En cuanto a la escritura, al estimular la ortografía fonética y la
ortografía de reglas contextuales se pretende mejorar la escritura de palabras. Se concluye que el plan de
intervención desarrollado demuestra la importancia de trabajar los procesos léxicos de la lectura y léxico
ortográfico de la escritura para el impacto en el lenguaje escrito.
In the preschool stage, children acquire the basic skills that allow them to function adequately in the school environment. If they’re not stimulated, students reflect various imprecisions in reading and writing, affecting their academic performance. The present case focuses on a child in the 3rd grade of primary school with difficulties in the lexical process of reading and the orthographic lexical of writing. The objective of the following work is to structure an evaluation plan that allows us to have a better overview of the child's difficulties in order to develop an intervention plan which purpose is to compensate them. At the end of the trimestral intervention plan, it is expected that by working on the phonological route of reading, through alphabetical knowledge, the tasks of phonological analysis and synthesis and reading of pseudowords- it had an impact on reading accuracy. In the same way, if the direct route is worked, it improves the reading speed. As for writing, stimulating phonetic spelling and spelling of contextual rules is intended to improve the writing of words. It is concluded that the intervention plan developed demonstrates the importance of working on the lexical processes of reading and the orthographic lexical of writing for the impact on written language.
In the preschool stage, children acquire the basic skills that allow them to function adequately in the school environment. If they’re not stimulated, students reflect various imprecisions in reading and writing, affecting their academic performance. The present case focuses on a child in the 3rd grade of primary school with difficulties in the lexical process of reading and the orthographic lexical of writing. The objective of the following work is to structure an evaluation plan that allows us to have a better overview of the child's difficulties in order to develop an intervention plan which purpose is to compensate them. At the end of the trimestral intervention plan, it is expected that by working on the phonological route of reading, through alphabetical knowledge, the tasks of phonological analysis and synthesis and reading of pseudowords- it had an impact on reading accuracy. In the same way, if the direct route is worked, it improves the reading speed. As for writing, stimulating phonetic spelling and spelling of contextual rules is intended to improve the writing of words. It is concluded that the intervention plan developed demonstrates the importance of working on the lexical processes of reading and the orthographic lexical of writing for the impact on written language.
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Keywords
Lectura--Dificultades--Estudio de casos, Escritura--Estudio y enseñanza, Comprensión de lectura