Internacionalización de servicios educativos universitarios en los países andinos
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Date
2021-01-25
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La globalización ha traído consigo grandes retos a las instituciones de Educación
Superior. Al ser la competencia global, se plantean desafíos para la
internacionalización de las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES),
especialmente las ubicadas en países en desarrollo.
El objetivo de la tesis es la identificación de los factores que influyen en la
internacionalización de las universidades de los países andinos. En particular, la
movilidad de estudiantes andinos, hacia países desarrollados. Asimismo,
identificar las principales restricciones a la internacionalización que se
encuentran en países en desarrollo como los nuestros.
Se revisan planteamientos de diferentes autores sobre la internacionalización
de la educación superior, el debate existente sobre la educación superior como
bien público y la mercantilización de esta. Se hace un balance de las principales
estrategias de internacionalización de las IES en países periféricos. Finalmente,
se realizan dos estimaciones empíricas econométricas, que buscan identificar
las principales variables que explican la movilidad de estudiantes de andinos
hacia países desarrollados, y las restricciones a la misma.
Con la estimación de los modelos, se determinó que los impulsores de la
movilidad estudiantil en la región andina hacia los países desarrollados son: el
PBI per cápita, la facilidad que tienen los estudiantes para tener la residencia
permanente; y la calidad de la educación terciaria. Las principales restricciones
a la internacionalización son: el costo de vida; la distancia entre el país de origen
y el país de destino
Globalization has brought the great challenges to Higher Education Institutions, as it is global competition, posing challenges for the Internationalization of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), especially those located in developing countries. The objective of this research is to identify the factors that influence in the internationalization of the universities in Andean countries; in particular, mobility of Andean students to developed countries. Also, find the main restrictions on internationalization that these developing countries. The approaches of different authors on the internationalization of higher education, the existing debate on higher education as a public good and its commodification are reviewed. A balance of the main drivers and strategies of internationalization of HEIs in peripheral countries is made. Finally, two econometric empirical estimates are made that seek to identify the main variables that explain the mobility of Andean students to developed countries and the restrictions to it. The estimation of the models allowed us to determine that the drivers of student mobility in the Andean region towards developed countries are: GDP per capita, the ease that students have for permanent residence, and the quality of tertiary education. The main restrictions on internationalization are the cost of living and the distance between the country of origin and the country of destination.
Globalization has brought the great challenges to Higher Education Institutions, as it is global competition, posing challenges for the Internationalization of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), especially those located in developing countries. The objective of this research is to identify the factors that influence in the internationalization of the universities in Andean countries; in particular, mobility of Andean students to developed countries. Also, find the main restrictions on internationalization that these developing countries. The approaches of different authors on the internationalization of higher education, the existing debate on higher education as a public good and its commodification are reviewed. A balance of the main drivers and strategies of internationalization of HEIs in peripheral countries is made. Finally, two econometric empirical estimates are made that seek to identify the main variables that explain the mobility of Andean students to developed countries and the restrictions to it. The estimation of the models allowed us to determine that the drivers of student mobility in the Andean region towards developed countries are: GDP per capita, the ease that students have for permanent residence, and the quality of tertiary education. The main restrictions on internationalization are the cost of living and the distance between the country of origin and the country of destination.
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Keywords
Educación y globalización--América Latina, Educación superior--América Latina, Movilidad estudiantil