Rol del liderazgo y la cultura organizacional en el contexto de pandemia en el bienestar laboral: un abordaje cualitativo
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Date
2024-05-30
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación busca describir las características de la cultura
organizacional y los estilos de liderazgo durante la pandemia, con la finalidad de identificar
cómo han afectado el bienestar laboral de los/as trabajadores/as desde su perspectiva. Esto
puesto que se reconoce las implicaciones tanto positivas como negativas que trajo consigo la
pandemia y el teletrabajo. Para ello, se realizó una investigación de corte cualitativo
fenomenológico. Es así que se optó por realizar entrevistas virtuales a 8 participantes (4
hombres y 4 mujeres, entre ellas dos madres de familia) que trabajaban en empresas del
sector servicio. Los resultados muestran el reconocimiento de cuatro estilos de liderazgos
(enfocado en las personas, tirano enfocado en el logro, sin experiencia enfocado en la
relación y compartido) y tres tipos de cultura organizacional (enfocado en las personas, en
transición y enfocado en el logro). Asimismo, se encontró que existen ciertas características
de estos estilos de liderazgo y tipos de culturas organizacionales que potencian y favorecen
en el bienestar laboral, mientras que hay otras que perjudicaban y deterioraron dicho
bienestar, lo que afectaba también su compromiso y satisfacción laboral con la empresa. Es
así que debemos entender estos resultados como un continuo, en el cual existen ciertas
características que permiten generar un mayor o menor bienestar laboral. Finalmente, este
estudio permite visualizar y humanizar al/la trabajador/a, lo cual propicia que las
organizaciones creen estrategias, políticas y procesos más integrales.
This research seeks to describe the characteristics of organizational culture and leadership styles during the pandemic, in order to identify how they have affected the wellbeing of workers from their perspective. This is in recognition of both the positive and negative implications of the pandemic and home office. For this purpose, qualitative phenomenological research was carried out. Thus, it was decided to conduct virtual interviews with 8 participants (4 men, including one father; and 4 women, including two mothers) who worked in companies in the service sector. The results show four leadership styles (people-focused, tyrannical with achievement-focused, inexperienced with relationshipfocused, and shared) and three types of organizational culture (people-focused, transitional, and achievement-focused). Likewise, it was found that there are certain characteristics of these leadership styles and types of organizational cultures that enhance and favor work wellbeing, while the others deteriorate work wellbeing, which also affects their commitment and job satisfaction with the company. Thus, we must understand these results as a continuum, in which there are certain characteristics that generate greater or lesser work wellbeing. Finally, this study allows us to visualize and humanize the worker, which encourages organizations to create more comprehensive strategies, policies and processes.
This research seeks to describe the characteristics of organizational culture and leadership styles during the pandemic, in order to identify how they have affected the wellbeing of workers from their perspective. This is in recognition of both the positive and negative implications of the pandemic and home office. For this purpose, qualitative phenomenological research was carried out. Thus, it was decided to conduct virtual interviews with 8 participants (4 men, including one father; and 4 women, including two mothers) who worked in companies in the service sector. The results show four leadership styles (people-focused, tyrannical with achievement-focused, inexperienced with relationshipfocused, and shared) and three types of organizational culture (people-focused, transitional, and achievement-focused). Likewise, it was found that there are certain characteristics of these leadership styles and types of organizational cultures that enhance and favor work wellbeing, while the others deteriorate work wellbeing, which also affects their commitment and job satisfaction with the company. Thus, we must understand these results as a continuum, in which there are certain characteristics that generate greater or lesser work wellbeing. Finally, this study allows us to visualize and humanize the worker, which encourages organizations to create more comprehensive strategies, policies and processes.
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Keywords
Bienestar, Liderazgo, Cultura organizacional, Pandemia de COVID-19, 2020---Aspectos laborales, Teletrabajo--Aspectos laborales
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