Razones, metas de logro, emociones de logro y rendimiento en matemáticas en estudiantes de secundaria
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2019-12-06
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre las metas de logro de
aproximación al dominio y desempeño, las razones autónomas y controladas para seguir estas
metas, las emociones de logro de disfrute y ansiedad relacionadas al aprendizaje y el
rendimiento académico en matemáticas. La muestra estuvo conformada por 171 estudiantes
de tercero, cuarto y quinto grado de secundaria de un colegio público de Lima Metropolitana.
Evidencias de validez y confiabilidad de los instrumentos fueron halladas. Se realizaron
análisis de regresiones lineales jerárquicas para predecir el disfrute, ansiedad y rendimiento.
Primero, al analizar las metas de aproximación al dominio al mismo tiempo que sus razones
autónomas y controladas subyacentes, las metas de aproximación al dominio y sus razones
autónomas fueron los únicos predictores positivos y significativos de disfrute. Las metas de
aproximación al dominio fueron inesperadamente predictores positivos y significativos de
ansiedad; mientras que las razones controladas para seguir estas metas fueron predictores
positivos y significativos de ansiedad de acuerdo a lo esperado. Las metas de aproximación al
dominio ni sus razones autónomas y controladas predijeron significativamente rendimiento.
Segundo, al examinar las metas de aproximación al desempeño junto con sus razones
autónomas y controladas, exclusivamente las razones autónomas subyacentes predijeron
significativa y positivamente disfrute; en tanto que las razones controladas subyacentes
fueron los únicos predictores positivos y significativos de ansiedad. Ninguna de las variables
en mención predijo significativamente rendimiento. Tercero, al estudiar las metas de
aproximación al dominio y al desempeño juntas así como sus razones autónomas y
controladas subyacentes, solo las razones autónomas subyacentes a cada tipo de metas, así
como las metas de aproximación al dominio fueron predictores positivos y significativos de
disfrute. Únicamente las razones controladas para seguir las metas de aproximación al
desempeño predijeron positiva y significativamente ansiedad. Ninguna de las variables
predijo significativamente rendimiento. Los resultados son discutidos a la luz de la teoría de
emociones de logro, la teoría de metas de logro, la teoría de la autodeterminación y la
integración de estas dos últimas.
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between achievement goals (mastery approach goals and performance approach goals), autonomous and controlling reasons underlying mastery approach goals and performance approach goals, achievement emotions (learning-related enjoyment and anxiety) and academic achievement in mathematics. The sample consisted of 171 students from ninth, tenth and eleventh grades from a public high school in Lima. Validity and reliability of the instruments were found. Hierarchical linear regressions analyses were conducted to predict enjoyment, anxiety and achievement. First, mastery approach goals and their underlying autonomous and controlled reasons were analyzed; mastery approach goals and their underlying autonomous reasons were the only positive and significant predictors of enjoyment. Anxiety was unexpectedly positive and significantly predicted by mastery approach goals and by their underlying controlled reasons as it was hypothesized. Neither mastery approach goals nor its autonomous and controlled reasons predicted significantly achievement. Second, performance approach goals and their underlying autonomous and controlled reasons were examined. Autonomous reasons underlying performance approach goals exclusively predicted positive and significantly enjoyment. Controlled reasons underlying performance approach goals were the only positive and significant predictors of anxiety. None of the aforementioned variables was a significant predictor of achievement. Third, mastery approach goals and performance approach goals were studied together with their underlying autonomous and controlled reasons. Mastery approach goals, autonomous reasons underlying both mastery approach goals and performance approach goals were positive and significant predictors of enjoyment. Anxiety was solely positive and significantly predicted by controlled reasons underlying performance approach goals. None of the variables predicted significantly achievement. Results are discussed in the context of achievement emotions, achievement goals, self-determination theory and the integration of the latter two theories
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between achievement goals (mastery approach goals and performance approach goals), autonomous and controlling reasons underlying mastery approach goals and performance approach goals, achievement emotions (learning-related enjoyment and anxiety) and academic achievement in mathematics. The sample consisted of 171 students from ninth, tenth and eleventh grades from a public high school in Lima. Validity and reliability of the instruments were found. Hierarchical linear regressions analyses were conducted to predict enjoyment, anxiety and achievement. First, mastery approach goals and their underlying autonomous and controlled reasons were analyzed; mastery approach goals and their underlying autonomous reasons were the only positive and significant predictors of enjoyment. Anxiety was unexpectedly positive and significantly predicted by mastery approach goals and by their underlying controlled reasons as it was hypothesized. Neither mastery approach goals nor its autonomous and controlled reasons predicted significantly achievement. Second, performance approach goals and their underlying autonomous and controlled reasons were examined. Autonomous reasons underlying performance approach goals exclusively predicted positive and significantly enjoyment. Controlled reasons underlying performance approach goals were the only positive and significant predictors of anxiety. None of the aforementioned variables was a significant predictor of achievement. Third, mastery approach goals and performance approach goals were studied together with their underlying autonomous and controlled reasons. Mastery approach goals, autonomous reasons underlying both mastery approach goals and performance approach goals were positive and significant predictors of enjoyment. Anxiety was solely positive and significantly predicted by controlled reasons underlying performance approach goals. None of the variables predicted significantly achievement. Results are discussed in the context of achievement emotions, achievement goals, self-determination theory and the integration of the latter two theories
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Keywords
Rendimiento académico, Aprendizaje (Educación), Matemáticas--Estudio y enseñanza (Secundaria), Educación secundaria--Investigaciones
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