Parques y justicia ambiental urbana en San Juan de Lurigancho: análisis comparativo de proximidad, calidad y gestión de parques urbanos entre la urbanización Las Flores de Lima y el asentamiento humano Su Santidad Juan Pablo II
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2024-09-23
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presencia de parques urbanos es un factor importante al pensar la vida en ciudad por
los beneficios ambientales y sociales que poseen. Sin embargo, la situación en la que se
encuentran puede verse afectada por ciertos factores que impide a la población obtener
un beneficio por igual. Por ello, es importante evaluar de qué manera algunas personas
pueden estar en desventaja frente a otras, aun encontrándose en una misma jurisdicción
político- administrativa. El objetivo de la presente investigación es evaluar la presencia
de justicia ambiental urbana al realizar un análisis comparativo a escala barrial entre dos
áreas que reflejan las diferencias socioeconómicas del distrito de San Juan de
Lurigancho. En ese sentido, se aborda la justicia ambiental desde sus dimensiones
distributiva y participativa a través de los indicadores de calidad y proximidad y
explorando la gestión de los parques. A partir del análisis realizado se constató que en
ambas áreas existe un nivel óptimo de proximidad a parques, pero la calidad sí es
distinta e inferior en el área con un menor nivel socioeconómico. Sin embargo, no es un
escenario de injusticia ambiental producto de una mayor presencia de la municipalidad
distrital en el área con mayor nivel socioeconómico, sino el resultado del nivel de
organización vecinal desarrollado en cada jurisdicción y el rol principal que los vecinos
asumen en la gestión y transformación de sus parques. En ese sentido, la metodología
aplicada permite entender las dinámicas que existen y explican la situación de los
parques, lo cual permite identificar los retos y oportunidades donde intervenir para
generar una ciudad donde todos gocen de los beneficios de los parques urbanos.
The presence of urban parks is an important factor when thinking about city life due to the environmental and social benefits they have. However, the situation in which they find themselves may be affected by certain factors that prevent the population from obtaining an equal benefit. Therefore, it is important to evaluate how some people may be at a disadvantage compared to others, even if they are in the same politicaladministrative jurisdiction. The objective of this research is to evaluate the presence of urban environmental justice by carrying out a comparative analysis at a neighborhood scale between two areas that reflect the socioeconomic differences of the district of San Juan de Lurigancho. In this sense, environmental justice is addressed from its distributive and participatory dimensions through quality and proximity indicators and exploring park management. From the analysis carried out, it was found that in both areas there is an optimal level of proximity to parks, but the quality is different and lower in the area with a lower socioeconomic level. However, it is not a scenario of environmental injustice resulting from a greater presence of the district municipality in the area with the highest socioeconomic level, but rather the result of the level of neighborhood organization in each jurisdiction and the main role that neighbors assume in the management and transformation of their parks. In this sense, the applied methodology allows us to understand the dynamics that exist and explain the situation of the parks, which allows us to identify the challenges and opportunities where we can intervene to generate a city where everyone enjoys the benefits of urban parks.
The presence of urban parks is an important factor when thinking about city life due to the environmental and social benefits they have. However, the situation in which they find themselves may be affected by certain factors that prevent the population from obtaining an equal benefit. Therefore, it is important to evaluate how some people may be at a disadvantage compared to others, even if they are in the same politicaladministrative jurisdiction. The objective of this research is to evaluate the presence of urban environmental justice by carrying out a comparative analysis at a neighborhood scale between two areas that reflect the socioeconomic differences of the district of San Juan de Lurigancho. In this sense, environmental justice is addressed from its distributive and participatory dimensions through quality and proximity indicators and exploring park management. From the analysis carried out, it was found that in both areas there is an optimal level of proximity to parks, but the quality is different and lower in the area with a lower socioeconomic level. However, it is not a scenario of environmental injustice resulting from a greater presence of the district municipality in the area with the highest socioeconomic level, but rather the result of the level of neighborhood organization in each jurisdiction and the main role that neighbors assume in the management and transformation of their parks. In this sense, the applied methodology allows us to understand the dynamics that exist and explain the situation of the parks, which allows us to identify the challenges and opportunities where we can intervene to generate a city where everyone enjoys the benefits of urban parks.
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Parques urbanos--Perú--San Juan de Lurigancho (Lima : Distrito), Espacios públicos--Perú--San Juan de Lurigancho (Lima : Distrito), Ecología urbana--Perú--San Juan de Lurigancho (Lima : Distrito)
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