Acuerdos escritos en oro: Estrategias y enfoques comunicativos en el relacionamiento entre comunidad y empresa minera, en materia de acuerdos laborales bilaterales, el caso de Minera Barrick Misquichilca y las Juntas Vecinales de Quiruvilca
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2021-11-02
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La minería es una actividad económica de gran importancia en el Perú. Con los cambios en las
políticas económicas a inicios de los años 90, como la liberalización del mercado en el sector
minero energético y el incremento progresivo del precio de los metales a lo largo de los años,
pese a algunas intermitencias, el sector se consolidó durante los últimos 30 años. Sin embargo,
este sector económico no ha estado exento de desafíos, dificultades y algunos desaciertos,
especialmente en el relacionamiento con la comunidad. En el caso particular que compete a esta
investigación, el origen del conflicto entre la empresa y la comunidad es la demanda por puestos
laborales por parte de la población local, en la operación Lagunas Norte de Barrick Misquichilca.
Así, la comunidad persigue este objetivo en el establecimiento de acuerdos bilaterales con la
empresa. Comprendiendo la situación, este trabajo académico apunta a identificar y analizar el
comportamiento tanto de la empresa, como de la comunidad, desde la perspectiva
comunicacional, en el proceso del establecimiento de esos acuerdos. Se busca conseguir este
objetivo, a través de un estudio cualitativo basado en los testimonios de los protagonistas
obtenidos a través de entrevistas. Una de las principales conclusiones halladas en esta
investigación, sostiene que, a pesar del trabajo que realiza la empresa minera, y del rol de
liderazgo y movilización expresado a través de la comunicación por los representantes de
Quiruvilca, procurando una mayor participación comunal, esta no logra implementarse
plenamente en el proceso. Aún, persisten varios retos a resolver en el mediano y largo plazo.
Mining, is an important economic activity in Peru. With the changes in economic policies at the beginning of the 90s, such as the liberalization of the market in the mining and energy sector and the progressive increase in the price of metals over the years, despite some intermittences, the sector consolidated during the last 30 years. However, this economic sector has not been exempt from challenges, difficulties and some mistakes, especially in relation to community. In the particular case of this investigation, the origin of the conflict between the company and the community is the demand for jobs by the local population at Barrick Misquichilca's Lagunas Norte operation. Therefor, the community pursues this objective in establishing bilateral agreements with the company. Understanding the situation, this academic work aims to identify and analyze the behavior of both, the company and the community, from the communicational and negotiation perspective, in the process of establishing these agreements. It seeks to achieve this objective, through a qualitative study based on the protagonist’s testimonies. One of the main conclusions found in this research, maintains that, despite the work carried out by the mining company, and the leadership and mobilization role expressed through communication by the representatives of Quiruvilca, seeking greater community participation, this last one was not able to be fully implemented in the process. Still, several challenges remain to be resolved in the medium and long term.
Mining, is an important economic activity in Peru. With the changes in economic policies at the beginning of the 90s, such as the liberalization of the market in the mining and energy sector and the progressive increase in the price of metals over the years, despite some intermittences, the sector consolidated during the last 30 years. However, this economic sector has not been exempt from challenges, difficulties and some mistakes, especially in relation to community. In the particular case of this investigation, the origin of the conflict between the company and the community is the demand for jobs by the local population at Barrick Misquichilca's Lagunas Norte operation. Therefor, the community pursues this objective in establishing bilateral agreements with the company. Understanding the situation, this academic work aims to identify and analyze the behavior of both, the company and the community, from the communicational and negotiation perspective, in the process of establishing these agreements. It seeks to achieve this objective, through a qualitative study based on the protagonist’s testimonies. One of the main conclusions found in this research, maintains that, despite the work carried out by the mining company, and the leadership and mobilization role expressed through communication by the representatives of Quiruvilca, seeking greater community participation, this last one was not able to be fully implemented in the process. Still, several challenges remain to be resolved in the medium and long term.
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Empresas mineras--Perú--La Libertad, Comunidades campesinas--Perú--La Libertad, Comunicación para el desarrollo--Perú--La Libertad
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