“Performar para sobrevivir”: Heterosexualidad obligatoria en mujeres lesbianas y bisexuales de Lima Metropolitana
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2024-07-05
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La investigación busca explorar cómo se vivencia la heterosexualidad obligatoria en
mujeres lesbianas y bisexuales de 18 a 25 años de Lima Metropolitana. Utilizó una metodología
cualitativa de corte exploratorio, basada en entrevistas semiestructuradas a 13 mujeres lesbianas y
bisexuales. Siguió un proceso de análisis temático desde las siete dimensiones de la
Heterosexualidad Obligatoria de Rich (1980). Se obtuvieron 20 subcategorías en total. La
feminidad hegemónica abarcó la masculinización de las mujeres LB y la necesidad de ser
femeninas. La negación de la sexualidad trató de la exploración, atribución de placer y el castigo
a la vida sexual entre mujeres. La imposición masculina se evidenció desde las dificultades en
expresar su sexualidad y la reacción de las mujeres frente a los hombres. La cosificación abarcó la
hipersexualización de la sexualidad y la atribución de culpa sobre estos actos de violencia. La
idealización de la heterosexualidad se abarcó desde la promoción y búsqueda de lo heterosexual y
la atracción hacia hombres como eventual. La lesbofobia y bifobia se conversó desde la
justificación a partir de discursos religiosos y cisheteronormativos. Finalmente, la violencia se
evidenció desde la marginalización y la necesidad de performar para sobrevivir. A partir de ello,
se concluye que la heterosexualidad obligatoria es una experiencia común entre las mujeres
disidentes y sostiene acciones violentas y punitivas sobre la diversidad sexogenérica en el Perú
que dificultan la aceptación y percepción de su sexualidad, su salud mental y su inclusión en
entornos públicos y privados.
This research aims to explore how compulsory heterosexuality is experienced by lesbian and bisexual women between 18 and 25 years of age in Metropolitan Lima. It used an exploratory qualitative methodology, based on semi-structured interviews with 13 lesbian and bisexual women. It followed a deductive thematic analysis process based on Rich's (1980) seven dimensions of compulsory heterosexuality. A total of 20 subcategories were obtained. Hegemonic femininity encompassed the masculinization of LB women and the need to be feminine. Denial of sexuality dealt with exploration, attribution of pleasure and punishment of sexual life among women. Male imposition was evidenced from the difficulties in expressing their sexuality and women's reaction to men. Objectification included the hypersexualization of sexuality and the attribution of blame for these acts of violence. The idealization of heterosexuality included the promotion and pursuit of heterosexuality and the attraction to men as eventual. Lesbophobia and biphobia were discussed from the justification based on religious and cisheteronormative discourses. Finally, violence was evidenced from marginalization and the need to perform in order to survive. Based on these findings, it is concluded that compulsory heterosexuality is a common experience among dissident women and sustains violent and punitive actions on sex-gender diversity in Peru that hinder the acceptance and perception of their sexuality, their mental health and their inclusion in public and private environments.
This research aims to explore how compulsory heterosexuality is experienced by lesbian and bisexual women between 18 and 25 years of age in Metropolitan Lima. It used an exploratory qualitative methodology, based on semi-structured interviews with 13 lesbian and bisexual women. It followed a deductive thematic analysis process based on Rich's (1980) seven dimensions of compulsory heterosexuality. A total of 20 subcategories were obtained. Hegemonic femininity encompassed the masculinization of LB women and the need to be feminine. Denial of sexuality dealt with exploration, attribution of pleasure and punishment of sexual life among women. Male imposition was evidenced from the difficulties in expressing their sexuality and women's reaction to men. Objectification included the hypersexualization of sexuality and the attribution of blame for these acts of violence. The idealization of heterosexuality included the promotion and pursuit of heterosexuality and the attraction to men as eventual. Lesbophobia and biphobia were discussed from the justification based on religious and cisheteronormative discourses. Finally, violence was evidenced from marginalization and the need to perform in order to survive. Based on these findings, it is concluded that compulsory heterosexuality is a common experience among dissident women and sustains violent and punitive actions on sex-gender diversity in Peru that hinder the acceptance and perception of their sexuality, their mental health and their inclusion in public and private environments.
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Lesbianas--Perú--Lima Metropolitana, Mujeres bisexuales--Perú--Lima Metropolitana, Gays de closet--Perú--Lima Metropolitana, Heterosexualidad--Perú--Lima Metropolitana
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