Modelo prolab: Factufirming adelanto de liquidez a pymes y microempresas usando factoring y confirming
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Date
2023-03-03
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Las MIPYME (micro, pequeña y mediana empresas) en el Perú, son el principal
motor de la economía, pues antes de la pandemia representaban más del 99 % de las
empresas registradas aportando el 32% del Producto Bruto Interno (en adelante PBI) y un
85% de la fuerza laboral (CIEN, 2019). En el 2020 se publicó el reglamento D.U. 013-
2020, que aclaraba las reglas para el uso de herramientas financieras, en especial el
factoring, y con ello convertirla en una fuente confiable y rápida de financiamiento
alternativo para las micro y pequeñas empresas.
El presente trabajo se realizó para demostrar la factibilidad que las PYME y
microempresas tengan una alternativa para conseguir liquidez de manera inmediata a tasas
de descuento competitivas, en comparación a un crédito tradicional del sistema financiero,
para el desarrollo de sus negocios. Asimismo, les permitirá realizar los pagos a sus
proveedores microempresarios. De esa manera se aporta al fortalecimiento de la cadena de
pagos, usando conceptos de “factoring” y “confirming” con herramientas tecnológicas
basadas en fintech y blockchain.
“Factufirming” es una plataforma fintech que 1) brinda liquidez inmediata para las
PYME y sus proveedores para que puedan prosperar de manera sostenible, y 2) ofrece a los
inversionistas un portafolio de inversiones seguras en factoring y confirming.
Los resultados obtenidos del análisis financiero a cinco años demuestran la
factibilidad económica de este proyecto. La inversión inicial es de USD 166,000 con
capital de los socios e inversionistas, para las ratios financieras a cinco años se calculó un
costo de oportunidad del capitual (COK) de 6.58%, se obtuvo un valor actual neto (VAN)
de USD 727,306, una Tasa interna de retorno (TIR) de 66.50%, y un VAN Social de USD
427,213, además generando beneficios a las PYME mediante su integración al sistema
financiero.
MSME (micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises) in Peru are the main engine of the economy, since before the pandemic they represented more than 99% of registered companies, contributing 32% of the Gross Domestic Product (hereinafter GDP) and 85% of the labor force (CIEN, 2019). In 2020, was published the Emergency Decree 013-2020, which clarified the rules for the use of financial tools, especially factoring, and thereby make it a reliable and fast source of alternative financing for micro and small businesses. The current thesis was carried out to demonstrate the feasibility that SME (small, and medium-sized enterprises) and micro-enterprises have an alternative to obtain liquidity immediately at competitive discount rates, compared to a traditional credit from the financial system, for the development of their businesses. Likewise, it will allow them to make payments to their micro-entrepreneurial suppliers. In this way, it contributes to the strengthening of the payment chain, using concepts of "factoring" and "confirming" with technological tools based on fintech and blockchain. “Factufirming” is a fintech platform that 1) provides immediate liquidity for SME and their suppliers so they can prosper sustainably, and 2) offers investors a portfolio of secure factoring and confirming investments. The results obtained from the five-year financial analysis demonstrate the economic feasibility of this project. The initial investment is USD 166,000 with capital from the partners and investors, for the five-year financial ratios a Opportunity Cost of Capital of 6.58% was calculated, a Net Present Value (NPV) of USD 727,306 was obtained, an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 66.50%, and a Social NPV of USD 427,213, also generating benefits for SME through their integration into the financial system.
MSME (micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises) in Peru are the main engine of the economy, since before the pandemic they represented more than 99% of registered companies, contributing 32% of the Gross Domestic Product (hereinafter GDP) and 85% of the labor force (CIEN, 2019). In 2020, was published the Emergency Decree 013-2020, which clarified the rules for the use of financial tools, especially factoring, and thereby make it a reliable and fast source of alternative financing for micro and small businesses. The current thesis was carried out to demonstrate the feasibility that SME (small, and medium-sized enterprises) and micro-enterprises have an alternative to obtain liquidity immediately at competitive discount rates, compared to a traditional credit from the financial system, for the development of their businesses. Likewise, it will allow them to make payments to their micro-entrepreneurial suppliers. In this way, it contributes to the strengthening of the payment chain, using concepts of "factoring" and "confirming" with technological tools based on fintech and blockchain. “Factufirming” is a fintech platform that 1) provides immediate liquidity for SME and their suppliers so they can prosper sustainably, and 2) offers investors a portfolio of secure factoring and confirming investments. The results obtained from the five-year financial analysis demonstrate the economic feasibility of this project. The initial investment is USD 166,000 with capital from the partners and investors, for the five-year financial ratios a Opportunity Cost of Capital of 6.58% was calculated, a Net Present Value (NPV) of USD 727,306 was obtained, an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 66.50%, and a Social NPV of USD 427,213, also generating benefits for SME through their integration into the financial system.
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Keywords
Negocios--Planificación, Factoring, Pequeñas y medianas empresas--Perú, Microfinanzas, Servicios financieros--Perú
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