Percepciones de los docentes EIB sobre la enseñanza de la oralidad de la lengua Shipibo-Konibo en una institución educativa EIB de Lima Metropolitana
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2022-06-01
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La oralidad para los pueblos originarios, cobra relevancia debido a un componente sustancial
como es la tradición oral. Este es el medio que ha permitido la vigencia y la transmisión de los
conocimientos ancestrales, la cultura y el aprendizaje de la misma lengua. En el Perú, las
lenguas originarias están insertas en un modelo de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (EIB). En
ese sentido, el presente estudio analiza las percepciones de docentes EIB sobre la enseñanza
de la oralidad de la lengua originaria en una escuela primaria EIB de Lima Metropolitana. La
metodología de este estudio es cualitativa de tipo descriptivo en la cual se aplicó una
entrevista semiestructurada a fin de profundizar la situación evidenciada en una institución
educativa EIB de contexto urbano, para ello, se trabajó con cuatro informantes claves para
este estudio. La fundamentación teórica se sustenta en las propuestas de las categorías
relacionadas a la enseñanza de la oralidad a través del uso de la lengua originaria, así como
los recursos utilizados para la enseñanza de la oralidad. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian
que los docentes reconocen la importancia de trabajar la oralidad desde el uso de la tradición
oral, sin embargo, al ubicarse en un contexto de revitalización, presentan algunas limitaciones
para el desarrollo pleno de este proceso. En relación a los recursos usados para la enseñanza
de la oralidad, se consideran indispensables porque estos motivan y captan el interés de los
estudiantes. En conclusión, los docentes EIB reconocen que la enseñanza de la oralidad en
un contexto urbano es distinta al rural, pero ello no representa un obstáculo, ya que
comprenden que los procesos se van desarrollando de manera progresiva.
For indigenous peoples, orality is relevant due to a substantial component such as oral tradition. This is the means that has allowed the validity and transmission of ancestral knowledge, culture and the learning of the language itself. In Peru, native languages are part of a model of Intercultural Bilingual Education (IBE). In this sense, this study analyzes the perceptions of IBE teachers on the teaching of the orality of the native language in an IBE primary school in Metropolitan Lima. The methodology of this study is qualitative of a descriptive type in which a semi-structured interview was applied in order to deepen the situation evidenced in an IBE educational institution in an urban context, for this purpose, we worked with four key informants for this study. The theoretical foundation is based on the proposals of the categories related to the teaching of orality through the use of the native language, as well as the resources used for the teaching of orality. The results obtained show that teachers recognize the importance of working orality from the use of oral tradition, however, being located in a context of revitalization, they present some limitations for the full development of this process. In relation to the resources used for teaching orality, they are considered indispensable because they motivate and capture the students' interest. In conclusion, IBE teachers recognize that teaching orality in an urban context is different from that in a rural context, but this does not represent an obstacle, since they understand that the processes are developed progressively.
For indigenous peoples, orality is relevant due to a substantial component such as oral tradition. This is the means that has allowed the validity and transmission of ancestral knowledge, culture and the learning of the language itself. In Peru, native languages are part of a model of Intercultural Bilingual Education (IBE). In this sense, this study analyzes the perceptions of IBE teachers on the teaching of the orality of the native language in an IBE primary school in Metropolitan Lima. The methodology of this study is qualitative of a descriptive type in which a semi-structured interview was applied in order to deepen the situation evidenced in an IBE educational institution in an urban context, for this purpose, we worked with four key informants for this study. The theoretical foundation is based on the proposals of the categories related to the teaching of orality through the use of the native language, as well as the resources used for the teaching of orality. The results obtained show that teachers recognize the importance of working orality from the use of oral tradition, however, being located in a context of revitalization, they present some limitations for the full development of this process. In relation to the resources used for teaching orality, they are considered indispensable because they motivate and capture the students' interest. In conclusion, IBE teachers recognize that teaching orality in an urban context is different from that in a rural context, but this does not represent an obstacle, since they understand that the processes are developed progressively.
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Oralidad, Educación bilingüe--Perú--Lima Metropolitana, Personal docente--Perú--Lima Metropolitana, Educación intercultural--Perú--Lima Metropolitana
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