Plan de finanzas para la empresa Shougang Hierro Perú S.A.A.
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Date
2021-04-07
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Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El sector minero es de gran importancia para el Perú. En el año 2019, el 59 por ciento
de las exportaciones peruanas provinieron de la industria minera, representando en promedio
más del 10 por ciento del Producto Bruto Interno (PBI) nacional, durante el mencionado
periodo.
Sin embargo, en los últimos años el sector minero ha tenido dificultades en proyectos
de gran magnitud debido a conflictos sociales entre las comunidades aledañas, como en los
casos del proyecto Tía María en Arequipa, el proyecto Conga en Cajamarca y el proyecto Las
Bambas en Apurímac. Esto refleja lo importante que es hacer minería responsable, escenario
en el que las empresas mineras crean valor no sólo para beneficio de sus accionistas, sino
para los demás stakeholders como son los trabajadores, los sindicatos, las comunidades, los
proveedores, entre otros.
Para agravar esta situación, en marzo de 2020, se declaró el Estado de Emergencia
Nacional en el Perú a consecuencia del brote de la COVID-19, el cual fue calificado como
una pandemia por la Organización Mundial de la Salud al haberse extendido en más de cien
países del mundo de manera simultánea.
En la presente tesis se han identificado la misión, visión, estrategia y objetivos de
Shougang Hierro Perú S.A.A. (en adelante “Shougang” o “la compañía”) y mediante el
análisis interno y externo de esta, se han identificado las principales oportunidades,
fortalezas, amenazas y debilidades de la compañía, observándose que actualmente no cuenta
con una herramienta financiera que le permita mitigar los efectos de los problemas
identificados ni aprovechar las oportunidades brindadas por el mercado. Ante esta necesidad,
se formularon estrategias que le permitan a la compañía potencialmente mitigar los
problemas y aprovechar las oportunidades. Así, producto de estas estrategias, se propone
como herramienta financiera la implementación de un Plan de Finanzas para Shougang, que le permita explotar las potencialidades mencionadas y, sobre todo, le permita incrementar su
valor financiero. Finalmente, se propone la implementación de reportes que permitan evaluar
y monitorear periódicamente los resultados de la implementación de las estrategias, así como
del Plan de Finanzas.
Esto resulta importante relevante para la compañía, considerando el contexto
económico mundial, en el que se viene presentando la pandemia generada por la COVID 19 y
la guerra comercial entre las dos principales economías del mundo: Estados Unidos y China,
eventos que vienen repercutiendo en los mercados emergentes como el peruano; mercado en
el que debido a la alta volatilidad del precio de los commodities y la constante crisis política
en los últimos años, se viene generando incertidumbre en los ingresos y resultados de las
empresas.
Durante la elaboración del Plan Financiero, se determinó el valor de Shougang por el
método de flujos de caja descontados, obteniéndose como resultado un valor fundamental de
la acción de S/50. A partir de ello y del correspondiente análisis de sensibilidad, se determinó
que Shougang podría gestionar la reducción del costo de deuda, mejorar la gestión de
tesorería y priorizar la producción de los bienes que le generan mayores ganancias. Como
resultado de implementar las medidas propuestas, se lograría un incremento en el valor
fundamental de 4% con respecto al escenario base. Cabe indicar que la presente tesis fue
realizada con base en datos actualizados a setiembre 2020.
The mining sector is of great importance for Peru. In 2019, 59 percent of Peruvian exports came from the mining industry, representing on average more than 10 percent of the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP), during the mentioned period. However, in recent years the mining sector has had difficulties in projects of great magnitude due to social conflicts between neighboring communities, such as the Tía María project in Arequipa, the Conga project in Cajamarca and the Las Bambas project in Apurímac. This reflects how important it is to do responsible mining, a scenario in which mining companies create value not only for the benefit of their shareholders, but also for other stakeholders such as workers, unions, communities, suppliers, among others. To aggravate this situation, in March 2020, the National State of Emergency was declared in Peru because of the COVID-19 outbreak, which was classified as a pandemic by the World Health Organization as it had spread over more than one hundred countries of the world simultaneously. In this thesis, the mission, vision, strategy, and objectives of Shougang Hierro Perú SAA (hereinafter "Shougang" or "the company") have been identified and through the internal and external analysis of this, the main opportunities have been identified, strengths, threats, and weaknesses of the company, noting that it currently does not have a financial tool that allows it to mitigate the effects of the problems identified or take advantage of the opportunities offered by the market. Faced with this need, strategies were formulated that allow the company to potentially mitigate problems and take advantage of opportunities. Thus, because of these strategies, the implementation of a Finance Plan for Shougang is proposed as a financial tool, which allows it to exploit the potentialities and above all, allows it to increase its financial value. Finally, the implementation of reports is proposed to periodically evaluate and monitor the results of the implementation of the strategies, as well as the Finance Plan. This is important relevant for the company, considering the world economic context, in which the pandemic generated by COVID- 19 and the trade war between the two main economies of the world: United States of America and China, events that have been affecting the emerging markets such as Peru; Market in which due to the high volatility of the price of commodities and the constant political crisis in recent years, uncertainty has been generated in the income and results of the companies. During the preparation of the Financial Plan, the value of Shougang was determined by the discounted cash flow method, resulting in a fundamental share value of S/50. Based on this and the corresponding sensitivity analysis, it was determined that Shougang could manage the reduction of the cost of debt, improve treasury management and prioritize the production of the goods that generate the highest profits. As a result of implementing the proposed measures, an increase in fundamental value of 4 % with respect to the baseline scenario would be achieved. It should be noted that this thesis was carried out based on data updated to September 2020.
The mining sector is of great importance for Peru. In 2019, 59 percent of Peruvian exports came from the mining industry, representing on average more than 10 percent of the national Gross Domestic Product (GDP), during the mentioned period. However, in recent years the mining sector has had difficulties in projects of great magnitude due to social conflicts between neighboring communities, such as the Tía María project in Arequipa, the Conga project in Cajamarca and the Las Bambas project in Apurímac. This reflects how important it is to do responsible mining, a scenario in which mining companies create value not only for the benefit of their shareholders, but also for other stakeholders such as workers, unions, communities, suppliers, among others. To aggravate this situation, in March 2020, the National State of Emergency was declared in Peru because of the COVID-19 outbreak, which was classified as a pandemic by the World Health Organization as it had spread over more than one hundred countries of the world simultaneously. In this thesis, the mission, vision, strategy, and objectives of Shougang Hierro Perú SAA (hereinafter "Shougang" or "the company") have been identified and through the internal and external analysis of this, the main opportunities have been identified, strengths, threats, and weaknesses of the company, noting that it currently does not have a financial tool that allows it to mitigate the effects of the problems identified or take advantage of the opportunities offered by the market. Faced with this need, strategies were formulated that allow the company to potentially mitigate problems and take advantage of opportunities. Thus, because of these strategies, the implementation of a Finance Plan for Shougang is proposed as a financial tool, which allows it to exploit the potentialities and above all, allows it to increase its financial value. Finally, the implementation of reports is proposed to periodically evaluate and monitor the results of the implementation of the strategies, as well as the Finance Plan. This is important relevant for the company, considering the world economic context, in which the pandemic generated by COVID- 19 and the trade war between the two main economies of the world: United States of America and China, events that have been affecting the emerging markets such as Peru; Market in which due to the high volatility of the price of commodities and the constant political crisis in recent years, uncertainty has been generated in the income and results of the companies. During the preparation of the Financial Plan, the value of Shougang was determined by the discounted cash flow method, resulting in a fundamental share value of S/50. Based on this and the corresponding sensitivity analysis, it was determined that Shougang could manage the reduction of the cost of debt, improve treasury management and prioritize the production of the goods that generate the highest profits. As a result of implementing the proposed measures, an increase in fundamental value of 4 % with respect to the baseline scenario would be achieved. It should be noted that this thesis was carried out based on data updated to September 2020.
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Keywords
Industria minera--Aspectos económicos--Perú, Industria minera--Aspectos sociales--Perú, Planificación financiera, COVID-19 (Enfermedad)