Ansiedad y afrontamiento en pacientes adolescentes de traumatología
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2021-06-16
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En el área de Traumatología, los pacientes que sufren fracturas y requieran ser intervenidos
quirúrgicamente, pueden presentar manifestaciones como la ansiedad, lo cual podría
aumentar la percepción del dolor postoperatorio, y resultar en una estancia hospitalaria y
recuperación más larga y difícil. Si los pacientes utilizan un afrontamiento adaptativo ante
la hospitalización e intervención quirúrgica, los niveles de ansiedad podrían disminuir. La
presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar la relación entre ansiedad y
afrontamiento en un grupo de 36 adolescentes entre 10 y 19 años hospitalizados y en consulta
externa en el área de Traumatología de tres hospitales de Lima Metropolitana. Para ello, los
instrumentos utilizados son el Inventario de autoevaluación Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo en niños
(STAIC) en la versión española de Seisdedos (1989) y la Escala de Afrontamiento para
adolescentes (ACS) en la versión española de Pereña y Seisdedos (1997). Los resultados
mostraron correlaciones inversas y significativas entre ansiedad estado y el estilo referencia a
los otros (r=-.331, p<0.01), y la estrategia acción social (r=-.439, p<0.05), al igual que entre
ansiedad estado/rasgo y la estrategia fijarse en lo positivo (r=-3.49, p<0.01), (r=-.359, p<0.01)
respectivamente. Por último, se halló una correlación directa y significativa entre ansiedad rasgo
y el estilo de afrontamiento no productivo (r=.681, p<0.05), la estrategia reservarlo para sí
(r=.391, p<0.01), y la estrategia autoinculparse (r=.557, p<0.05).
In the area of Traumatology, patients who suffer fractures and require surgical intervention may present manifestations such as anxiety, which could increase the perception of postoperative pain, and result in a longer and more difficult hospital stay and recovery. If patients use adaptive coping strategies during hospitalization and surgical intervention, anxiety levels may decrease. The objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between anxiety and coping in a group of 36 adolescents between 10 and 19 years hospitalized and outpatient consultation in the area of Traumatology of three Hospitals in Lima. The instruments administrated are the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for children (STAIC) in the Spanish version by Seisdedos (1989) and the Adolescents' Coping Scale (ACS) in the adapted version of Pereña and Seisdedos (1997). The results showed inverse and significant correlations between state anxiety and the reference to others style (r=-.331, p<0.01), and social action strategy (r=-.439, p<0.05), as well as state/trait anxiety and focus on the positive strategy (r=-3.49, p<0.01), (r=-.359, p<0.01) respectively. Finally, a direct and significant correlation between trait anxiety and non-productive coping style (r=.681, p<0.05), and keep to self-strategy (r=.391, p<0.01), and self-blame strategy (r=.557, p<0.05).
In the area of Traumatology, patients who suffer fractures and require surgical intervention may present manifestations such as anxiety, which could increase the perception of postoperative pain, and result in a longer and more difficult hospital stay and recovery. If patients use adaptive coping strategies during hospitalization and surgical intervention, anxiety levels may decrease. The objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between anxiety and coping in a group of 36 adolescents between 10 and 19 years hospitalized and outpatient consultation in the area of Traumatology of three Hospitals in Lima. The instruments administrated are the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for children (STAIC) in the Spanish version by Seisdedos (1989) and the Adolescents' Coping Scale (ACS) in the adapted version of Pereña and Seisdedos (1997). The results showed inverse and significant correlations between state anxiety and the reference to others style (r=-.331, p<0.01), and social action strategy (r=-.439, p<0.05), as well as state/trait anxiety and focus on the positive strategy (r=-3.49, p<0.01), (r=-.359, p<0.01) respectively. Finally, a direct and significant correlation between trait anxiety and non-productive coping style (r=.681, p<0.05), and keep to self-strategy (r=.391, p<0.01), and self-blame strategy (r=.557, p<0.05).
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Adolescencia, Ansiedad (Psicología), Adaptación (Psicología), Traumatología
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