Relación del estrés parental, el afrontamiento y el bienestar subjetivo de padres con hijos que presentan diabetes tipo 1
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2024-05-22
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Tener un hijo que presenta diabetes tipo 1 es un reto para los padres. A pesar que existen
diversos estudios sobre el bienestar de los pacientes con DM1, son pocos los que se centran en
los padres, quienes deben enfrentar nuevas responsabilidades diarias para lograr mantener los
niveles de glucosa de sus hijos en un rango adecuado. Por eso, en la presente investigación se
propone analizar las posibles relaciones del estrés parental, el afrontamiento y el bienestar
subjetivo de 74 padres con hijos que presentan diabetes tipo 1 entre 3 y 18 años. Se tomarán en
cuenta variables sociodemográficas como la edad y el sexo de los padres e hijos. Para ello se
utilizará la escala de Estrés Parental - Versión Corta (PSI/SF) de Abidin (1995), la Escala
COPE-60 (Carver et al.,1989), la Escala Satisfaction with life scale (Diener, et al., 1985) y la
Escala de afecto positivo y negativo (PANAS). Los resultados evidencian que el estrés parental
se relaciona inversamente con la satisfacción con la vida y directamente con el afecto negativo.
Las estrategias de afrontamiento como “planificación” y “reinterpretación positiva” se asocian
con mayor bienestar. El afecto negativo se relaciona con estrategias evitativas. Además, se
hallaron diferencias en las variables de estudio según características sociodemográficas: la edad
de los padres se vincula inversamente con la "supresión de actividades". Las madres tienen más
estrés que los padres y utilizan ciertas estrategias más que los padres; los padres usan más “el
humor”. La edad de los hijos se asocia inversamente con la “supresión de actividades” y con
“la búsqueda de soporte social por razones instrumentales”. No se hallaron diferencias notables
por el sexo de los hijos. También, se realizaron análisis complementarios tomando en cuenta
ciertas variables sociodemográficas. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en función del
estado civil de los padres y de la percepción del control de la enfermedad de los hijos.
Having a child with type 1 diabetes is a challenge for parents. Despite various studies on the well-being of patients with type 1 diabetes, few focus on parents, who must face new daily responsibilities to maintain their children's glucose levels within an appropriate range. Therefore, this research aims to analyze potential relationships among parental stress, coping strategies, and subjective well-being of 74 parents with children aged 3 to 18 who have type 1 diabetes. Sociodemographic variables such as the age and gender of parents and children will be taken into account. The Parenting Stress Index - Short Form (PSI/SF) by Abidin (1995), the COPE-60 Scale (Carver et al., 1989), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et al., 1985), and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) will be used. Results reveal that parental stress is inversely related to life satisfaction and directly related to negative affect. Coping strategies like "planning" and "positive reinterpretation" are associated with higher well-being. Negative affect is linked with avoidance strategies. Moreover, differences in study variables were found based on sociodemographic characteristics: parents' age is inversely associated with "activity suppression." Mothers experience more stress than fathers and employ certain strategies more frequently; fathers use "humor" more. Children's age is inversely associated with "activity suppression" and "instrumental social support seeking." No notable differences were found based on children's gender. Additional analyses considering specific sociodemographic variables were conducted. Significant differences were found based on parents' marital status and their perception of children's disease control.
Having a child with type 1 diabetes is a challenge for parents. Despite various studies on the well-being of patients with type 1 diabetes, few focus on parents, who must face new daily responsibilities to maintain their children's glucose levels within an appropriate range. Therefore, this research aims to analyze potential relationships among parental stress, coping strategies, and subjective well-being of 74 parents with children aged 3 to 18 who have type 1 diabetes. Sociodemographic variables such as the age and gender of parents and children will be taken into account. The Parenting Stress Index - Short Form (PSI/SF) by Abidin (1995), the COPE-60 Scale (Carver et al., 1989), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et al., 1985), and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) will be used. Results reveal that parental stress is inversely related to life satisfaction and directly related to negative affect. Coping strategies like "planning" and "positive reinterpretation" are associated with higher well-being. Negative affect is linked with avoidance strategies. Moreover, differences in study variables were found based on sociodemographic characteristics: parents' age is inversely associated with "activity suppression." Mothers experience more stress than fathers and employ certain strategies more frequently; fathers use "humor" more. Children's age is inversely associated with "activity suppression" and "instrumental social support seeking." No notable differences were found based on children's gender. Additional analyses considering specific sociodemographic variables were conducted. Significant differences were found based on parents' marital status and their perception of children's disease control.
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Diabetes infantil, Paternidad (Psicología), Estrés parental
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