Transiciones laborales, reformas estructurales y vulnerabilidad laboral en el Perú (1998-2008)
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía
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Abstract
El presente documento analiza la dinámica del mercado de trabajo en el Perú a través de las transiciones laborales. Específicamente, determinar si se ha reducido la vulnerabilidad laboral, entendida como la probabilidad de perder el empleo formal y, en particular, pasar al empleo informal. Al respecto, no se encontró evidencia suficiente para probar que en el agregado la vulnerabilidad se haya reducido entre 1998 y el 2008. El modelo probit multinomial empleado mostró que existe evidencia para sostener que las reformas estructurales de los noventas contribuyeron con reducir la vulnerabilidad laboral de los trabajadores, pero con un efecto reducido. Otras variables de control utilizadas en este estudio, como el nivel educativo o el sexo, probaron tener mayor impacto en la vulnerabilidad laboral.
This study analyses the labor market dynamics in Peru through labor market transitions, specifically determining if the labor vulnerability – defined as the probability of losing a formal job and, in particular, getting an informal job – has been reduced. Not enough evidence was found to prove a reduction of the total vulnerability between 1998 and 2008. The multinomial probit model used, showed that the structural reforms of the nineties helped to reduce workers’ labor vulnerability, but with a reduced effect. Other control variables analyzed in this study, such as schooling or sex, showed to have more influence on labor vulnerability.
This study analyses the labor market dynamics in Peru through labor market transitions, specifically determining if the labor vulnerability – defined as the probability of losing a formal job and, in particular, getting an informal job – has been reduced. Not enough evidence was found to prove a reduction of the total vulnerability between 1998 and 2008. The multinomial probit model used, showed that the structural reforms of the nineties helped to reduce workers’ labor vulnerability, but with a reduced effect. Other control variables analyzed in this study, such as schooling or sex, showed to have more influence on labor vulnerability.
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Empleo--Perú, Mercado de trabajo--Perú, Sector informal (Economía)--Perú
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