Estrés percibido y actividad física en adultos mayores con diabetes mellitus tipos II
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Date
2018-09-21
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo describir la relación entre el estrés
percibido y la actividad física en adultos mayores con diabetes mellitus tipo II (DM2). Para
ello, participaron voluntariamente 35 adultos mayores entre 60 y 75 años de edad. Se les
aplicó el cuestionario Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) para medir el estrés percibido y la
versión larga del International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) para medir la
actividad física.
Los resultados mostraron un nivel normal de estrés percibido y niveles de actividad
física moderados y altos. Asimismo, se hallaron diferencias significativas entre la actividad
física y las variables sociodemográficas de edad (rho=-.49, p<0.01) y tiempo de diagnóstico
(rho=-.40, p<0.05). Respecto a las dimensiones del IPAQ, se encontró una correlación directa
entre la actividad física moderada y la cantidad de enfermedades que el individuo padece
además de DM2 (rho=.38, p<0.05); una correlación directa entre la actividad física vigorosa
y el número de complicaciones médicas causadas por la diabetes (rho=.42, p<0.05); y una
correlación inversa entre la actividad física vigorosa y el tiempo de diagnóstico (rho=-.44,
p<0.01). Por último, se obtuvo una correlación inversa entre el estrés percibido y la actividad
física (rho=-.35, p<0.05). Los resultados de esta investigación contribuyen al conocimiento
acerca de las variables que pueden estar relacionadas con la condición de salud de los adultos
mayores con DM2. Asimismo, evidencian la necesidad de elaborar un cuestionario de
actividad física que se adapte a este tipo de población y pueda medir la intensidad de la
actividad física con mayor precisión.
This research aims to describe the relationship between perceived stress and physical activity in older adults diagnosed with Type II diabetes mellitus. Thirty five members of support groups for older adults between the ages of 60 and 75 years with type II diabetes participated voluntarily. They were evaluated with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) to measure perceived stress and the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to measure physical activity. The results indicated a normal level of perceived stress and moderate to high levels of physical activity. There were significant differences between physical activity and age (rho=-.49, p<0.01), and physical activity and time since diagnosis (rho=-.40, p<0.05). The dimensions of the IPAQ demonstrated the following correlations: a direct correlation between moderate physical activity and other diseases (rho=.38, p<0.05), a direct correlation between vigorous physical activity and the number of medical complications caused by diabetes (rho=.42, p<0.05), and an inverse correlation between vigorous physical activity and time of diagnosis (rho=-.44, p<0.01). Finally, an inverse correlation between perceived stress and physical activity (rho = -.35, p <0.05) was obtained. The results contribute to the knowledge about the variables that are related to the health status of senior citizens with diabetes mellitus type II. It also demonstrates the need to create a physical activity questionnaire for older adults that can measure the intensity of physical activity more precisely.
This research aims to describe the relationship between perceived stress and physical activity in older adults diagnosed with Type II diabetes mellitus. Thirty five members of support groups for older adults between the ages of 60 and 75 years with type II diabetes participated voluntarily. They were evaluated with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) to measure perceived stress and the long version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to measure physical activity. The results indicated a normal level of perceived stress and moderate to high levels of physical activity. There were significant differences between physical activity and age (rho=-.49, p<0.01), and physical activity and time since diagnosis (rho=-.40, p<0.05). The dimensions of the IPAQ demonstrated the following correlations: a direct correlation between moderate physical activity and other diseases (rho=.38, p<0.05), a direct correlation between vigorous physical activity and the number of medical complications caused by diabetes (rho=.42, p<0.05), and an inverse correlation between vigorous physical activity and time of diagnosis (rho=-.44, p<0.01). Finally, an inverse correlation between perceived stress and physical activity (rho = -.35, p <0.05) was obtained. The results contribute to the knowledge about the variables that are related to the health status of senior citizens with diabetes mellitus type II. It also demonstrates the need to create a physical activity questionnaire for older adults that can measure the intensity of physical activity more precisely.
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Diabetes mellitus, Stress (Psicología), Educación física--Aspectos psicológicos, Adulto mayor--Investigaciones
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