Apertura, cuenta corriente y transferencia externa en el Perú
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Economía
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Abstract
El trabajo analiza la evolución de la economía peruana desde 1970 hasta 1993, estimando la restricción relevante a su crecimiento, utilizando diversas alternativas de medición en base a un modelo de tres brechas. Los resultados señalan que no han sido la restricción fiscal ni la de ahorro las que han frenado el crecimiento, como se afirma generalmente. Es la restricción externa la fundamental que se ha alejado -no eliminado- por los flujos de capital de los noventa, pero que si no se corrigen los actuales desequilibrios existentes principalmente en cuenta corriente, podrían reeditarse (agravadas) crisis de balanza de pagos, uno de los problemas estructurales del Perú.
This paper analyze the peruvian economy evolution since 1970 to 1993, testing the mainly growth constraint, using different alternatives of estimation with a “three gap” model. The results show that they have not been, the fiscal gap neither the saving gap, that have limitated the growth. The external constraint is the most important one that has not been eliminated because the capital flows in the nineties. But if the actual desequilibrium in the current account are not corrected, it would reappear (makin worse) like a balance of payment crisis, and this is one of the structural problems in Peru.
This paper analyze the peruvian economy evolution since 1970 to 1993, testing the mainly growth constraint, using different alternatives of estimation with a “three gap” model. The results show that they have not been, the fiscal gap neither the saving gap, that have limitated the growth. The external constraint is the most important one that has not been eliminated because the capital flows in the nineties. But if the actual desequilibrium in the current account are not corrected, it would reappear (makin worse) like a balance of payment crisis, and this is one of the structural problems in Peru.
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Cuentas corrientes--Perú, Estados financieros--Perú, Modelos económicos, Ahorro (Teoría económica), Inversiones, Balanza de pagos--Perú
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