El desarrollo de habilidades comunicativas de oralidad en los niños y niñas de 3 y 4 años en el contexto de la educación a distancia en una Institución Educativa Inicial Pública del distrito del Cercado de Lima
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Date
2021-06-04
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo general describir el desarrollo de las
habilidades comunicativas de oralidad en los niños de 3 y 4 años de Educación Inicial
en el contexto de la educación a distancia. Para ello, en primer lugar, se identificaron
las habilidades comunicativas de oralidad y, en segundo lugar, se explicaron las
características de la estrategia Aprendo en casa, en el marco de la educación a
distancia. La información se obtuvo a través de dos técnicas: entrevista y análisis de
contenido. En cuanto a los instrumentos, el primero fue la entrevista semiestructurada
con un guion de entrevista y, para el segundo, se empleó una matriz de análisis de
contenido. Se analizaron las respuestas de las docentes a las entrevistas y se
analizaron los videos de los niños de 3 y 4 años. El procesamiento e interpretación de
los datos se llevó a cabo a través de matrices de análisis organizadas en categorías.
Finalmente, los resultados nos invitan a concluir que los niños desarrollaron las
habilidades comunicativas de oralidad de expresión y comprensión a través de la
realización de las diversas prácticas de oralidad que desarrollaron las docentes en el
marco de la educación a distancia. Además, se concluye que el rol del docente y de
los padres de familia son fundamentales para el proceso de aprendizaje y enseñanza
de las habilidades comunicativas en los niños de 3 y 4 años a partir de la estrategia
Aprendo en casa.
The general objective of this research is to describe the development of oral communication skills in children of 3 and 4 years of Early Education in the context of distance education. For this purpose, firstly, oral communication skills were identified and, secondly, the characteristics of the Aprendo en casa strategy were explained, within the framework of distance education. The information was obtained through two techniques: interview and content analysis. As for the instruments, the first was the semi-structured interview with an interview script, and for the second, a content analysis matrix was used. The teachers' responses to the interviews were analyzed and the videos of the 3 and 4 year-old children were analyzed. Then, the information was organized and contrasted in order to find similar patterns. The processing and interpretation of the data was carried out through analysis matrices organized in categories. Finally, the results invite us to conclude that the children developed the communicative skills of oral expression and comprehension through the realization of the diverse oral practices that the teachers developed in the framework of distance education. In addition, it is concluded that the role of the teacher and the parents are fundamental for the process of learning and teaching the communicative abilities in the children of 3 and 4 years old from the strategy Aprendo en casa.
The general objective of this research is to describe the development of oral communication skills in children of 3 and 4 years of Early Education in the context of distance education. For this purpose, firstly, oral communication skills were identified and, secondly, the characteristics of the Aprendo en casa strategy were explained, within the framework of distance education. The information was obtained through two techniques: interview and content analysis. As for the instruments, the first was the semi-structured interview with an interview script, and for the second, a content analysis matrix was used. The teachers' responses to the interviews were analyzed and the videos of the 3 and 4 year-old children were analyzed. Then, the information was organized and contrasted in order to find similar patterns. The processing and interpretation of the data was carried out through analysis matrices organized in categories. Finally, the results invite us to conclude that the children developed the communicative skills of oral expression and comprehension through the realization of the diverse oral practices that the teachers developed in the framework of distance education. In addition, it is concluded that the role of the teacher and the parents are fundamental for the process of learning and teaching the communicative abilities in the children of 3 and 4 years old from the strategy Aprendo en casa.
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Keywords
Educación preescolar--Perú--Lima--Investigaciones, Comunicación oral--Estudio y enseñanza, Educación a distancia
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