Planeamiento estratégico del sistema escolar público
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El presente trabajo se ha enfocado en el análisis de la situación del sistema escolar público
peruano con la finalidad de plantear estrategias que mejoren la calidad del mismo. Por mandato de ley
(Ley Nro. 28044), el sistema escolar público es un servicio gratuito brindado por el estado. Sin
embargo, el sistema es deficiente en términos de la calidad esperada y más aún en términos del logro
de los aprendizajes.
Del análisis efectuado al sistema escolar público (primaria y secundaria), se concluye que este
sistema está en crisis, lo cual se evidencia en el ámbito nacional, con el resultado de la última
evaluación censal de estudiantes (ECE) del 2013 en la que solo el 33% de estudiantes del segundo
grado de primaria (a los que se le viene aplicando esta prueba) alcanzó el nivel satisfactorio, es decir
el estudiante logró los aprendizajes esperados, mientras que el 67% no lo logró. Otra evidencia y en el
ámbito internacional, está en el resultado de la última prueba PISA del año 2012, en la que el Perú
ocupó el puesto 65 de los 65 países participantes, vale decir, el último lugar.
En base a lo anteriormente dicho, es presente trabajo argumenta que los agentes políticos,
sociales y económicos del Perú, necesitan tomar conciencia de la situación actual del sistema y
reconozcan la relevancia de la educación como pilar fundamental para el desarrollo sostenido del país.
Por lo tanto, los gobiernos deben cumplir su rol promotor y considerar a la educación como una
política de estado. Finalmente, los cambios propuestos en el sistema escolar público pasan por contar
con docentes capacitados en el dominio de técnicas enseñanzas y aprendizaje, así como inversión
básica en infraestructura, equipamiento y tecnología (acceso a internet y educación virtual).
This study analyzes public primary and secondary school education in Peru in order to propose some strategies intended to help improve the quality of education in the country. As mandated by law (Act No. 28044), the public school system in Peru is free. However, the system is deficient in terms of the quality of education provided, in particular the achievement of expected learning outcomes. From the analysis of the public school system (primary and secondary) presented, the study concludes that the system is in crisis. Evidence to support this conclusion includes the result of the most recent student assessment (ECE in Spanish) from 2013 in which only 33 percent of students in the second grade (that is comes by applying this test) achieved the satisfactory level, which means the students achieved the expected learning outcomes, while 67% did not. At the international level, in the latest PISA test in 2012, Peru ranked in last place among the 65 participating countries. On that basis, the study argues that the political, social and economic agents of Peru need to become more aware of the current situation and recognize the importance of education as a pillar for sustainable development. Therefore, Governments should fulfill its role as promoter and consider education as State policy. Proposed changes in government education includes enhance teacher training along with investments in basic infrastructure, equipment and technology (access to internet and virtual education).
This study analyzes public primary and secondary school education in Peru in order to propose some strategies intended to help improve the quality of education in the country. As mandated by law (Act No. 28044), the public school system in Peru is free. However, the system is deficient in terms of the quality of education provided, in particular the achievement of expected learning outcomes. From the analysis of the public school system (primary and secondary) presented, the study concludes that the system is in crisis. Evidence to support this conclusion includes the result of the most recent student assessment (ECE in Spanish) from 2013 in which only 33 percent of students in the second grade (that is comes by applying this test) achieved the satisfactory level, which means the students achieved the expected learning outcomes, while 67% did not. At the international level, in the latest PISA test in 2012, Peru ranked in last place among the 65 participating countries. On that basis, the study argues that the political, social and economic agents of Peru need to become more aware of the current situation and recognize the importance of education as a pillar for sustainable development. Therefore, Governments should fulfill its role as promoter and consider education as State policy. Proposed changes in government education includes enhance teacher training along with investments in basic infrastructure, equipment and technology (access to internet and virtual education).
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