Calidad en los colegios de educación inicial privada de Lima Metropolitana
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Date
2019-09-10
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente trabajo fue una investigación de alcance descriptivo y enfoque
cuantitativo, el cual tuvo como objetivo identificar el nivel de cumplimiento en los factores
de éxito de la calidad que tuvieron los colegios de educación inicial privada de Lima
Metropolitana, en el año 2014. Esto fue medido utilizando la metodología TQM (Benzaquen,
2013), a través de un cuestionario aplicado a una muestra de 361 colegios de este sector, que
fueron seleccionados aleatoriamente de una población integrada por 3,972 instituciones.
Entre los cuales se identificó que no hay consenso en torno a la definición de Sistema de
Gestión de Calidad, confundiéndolo con los planes o requerimientos que tiene el Ministerio
de Educación del Perú.
Con la investigación se concluyó que la calidad de los colegios de educación inicial
privada de Lima Metropolitana fue buena, con medias entre 3.52 y 4.04, en la escala de
Likert. El mejor desempeño se observó en los factores de alta gerencia y planeamiento de la
calidad. Mientras que se encontraron deficiencias en gestión de la calidad del proveedor y
círculos de calidad. Se concluyó que la calidad no se implementó como un sistema integral,
que haya abarcado a toda la institución, sino que se limitó a programas o planes aislados y
relacionados directamente con la labor de enseñanza.
Acorde al concepto de la calidad, los colegios investigados mostraron que sí tomaban
en consideración los requerimientos y expectativas de los clientes para el diseño del servicio.
Pero esto no se hacía siguiendo una metodología, por lo que no era de forma estandarizada,
así como tampoco se establecieron indicadores para controlar la calidad a lo largo del
proceso. De la misma manera, se encontró que no se promovía la participación activa de todo
el personal, bien fuese a través de reuniones periódicas o mediante la conformación de
círculos de calidad.
This investigation had a descriptive research scope and quantitative approach, which aims to identify the level of quality that have early education Private schools of Lima. This was measured using TQM (Benzaquén, 2013) methodology, through a questionnaire applied to a sample of 361 schools of initial education, who were selected randomly from a population composed of 3,972 institutions. Among them it was identified that there is no consensus about the definition of Quality Management System, mistaking plans or requirements that have the Ministry of Education. The research concluded that the quality of early education Private Schools of Lima was good, with averages between 3.54 and 4.04, in Likert scale. The best performance was found in senior management and quality planning factors. While deficiencies in quality management and supplier quality circles were found. It was concluded that quality as a comprehensive system that covers the entire institution had not been implemented, but merely isolated programs or plans which were directly related to the work of teaching. According to the concept of quality, the investigation showed that schools do take into consideration the requirements and customer expectations for service design. But this was not made by following a methodology which showed none standardization, and also there were not any kind of indicators to monitor quality. The active participation of all staff was not aimed or encouraged, either in regular meetings or through the creation of quality circles.
This investigation had a descriptive research scope and quantitative approach, which aims to identify the level of quality that have early education Private schools of Lima. This was measured using TQM (Benzaquén, 2013) methodology, through a questionnaire applied to a sample of 361 schools of initial education, who were selected randomly from a population composed of 3,972 institutions. Among them it was identified that there is no consensus about the definition of Quality Management System, mistaking plans or requirements that have the Ministry of Education. The research concluded that the quality of early education Private Schools of Lima was good, with averages between 3.54 and 4.04, in Likert scale. The best performance was found in senior management and quality planning factors. While deficiencies in quality management and supplier quality circles were found. It was concluded that quality as a comprehensive system that covers the entire institution had not been implemented, but merely isolated programs or plans which were directly related to the work of teaching. According to the concept of quality, the investigation showed that schools do take into consideration the requirements and customer expectations for service design. But this was not made by following a methodology which showed none standardization, and also there were not any kind of indicators to monitor quality. The active participation of all staff was not aimed or encouraged, either in regular meetings or through the creation of quality circles.
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Keywords
Calidad total, Educación preescolar--Perú--Lima, Investigación cuantitativa
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