La crianza y el estrés como predictores del crecimiento postraumático luego de salir del closet
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2020-10-09
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Salir del closet es uno de los sucesos más importantes y desafiantes en la vida de las minorías
sexuales (Bonet et al., 2007; Grafsky, 2017; Harrison, 2003; Savin-Williams, 2001). Esto los
expone a la posibilidad de experimentar no solo efectos negativos, sino también un crecimiento
psicológico significativo (Cox et al., 2010; Solomon et al., 2015; Vaughan, 2007). Este
crecimiento se puede ver influenciado por el estrés del evento y por la crianza del individuo.
Objetivo: El objetivo principal fue determinar el rol de la Crianza Basada en Fortalezas y los
Síntomas de Estrés Postraumático en el Crecimiento Postraumático de adultos con
orientaciones sexuales minoritarias de Lima, Perú, luego de salir del closet. Como objetivo
específico, se analizará si existen diferencias significativas en el Crecimiento Postraumático
entre las personas lesbianas y gays, y personas bisexuales. Método: 82 participantes
completaron el Inventario de Crecimiento Postraumático (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996), el
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (Weathers, Litz, Keane, Palmieri, Marx & Schnurr,
2013), y el Cuestionario de Crianza Basada en Fortalezas (Waters, 2017). Se realizaron
correlaciones y regresiones múltiples para el objetivo general, y comparación de muestras
independientes para el objetivo específico. Resultados y discusión: los resultados evidencian
que tanto la CBF como los SEPT son predictores significativos del CPT en individuos luego de
salir del closet. Mientras que la CBF facilita el CPT, niveles excesivos de SEPT lo disminuyen.
Finalmente, las personas bisexuales experimentan menores niveles de Apreciación por la Vida
que las personas lesbianas o gays, evidenciando una dificultad adicional.
Coming out is both one of the most vital and challenging life events for sexual minority individuals (Bonet et al., 2007; Grafsky, 2017; Harrison, 2003; Savin-Williams, 2001). After an initial period of crisis, some may experience significant psychological growth and positive changes in their lives (Cox et al, 2010; Solomon et al., 2015; Vaughan, 2007). This growth may be influenced both by the type of parenting received in childhood and by the amount of stress that coming out elicits later in life. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the influence of Strengths-Based Parenting and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms on PostTraumatic Growth in sexual minority individuals in Lima, Peru, after coming out. A specific objective was to examine if there were significant differences in Post-Traumatic Growth in lesbian and gay vs. bisexual individuals. Method: For this purpose, 82 participants completed the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996), the Strengths-Based Parenting Questionnaire (Waters, 2017), and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (Weathers, Litz, Keane, Palmieri, Marx & Schnurr, 2013). Correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed for the main objective, as well as independent sample t-tests for the specific objective. Results and discussion: the results show that both SBP and PTSS are significant predictors of CPT in sexual minorities after coming out. While SBP facilitates growth, excessive levels of PTSS decrease it. Finally, bisexual individuals experiment less growth in the Appreciation for Life dimension than do lesbians and gay people, illustrating an additional difficulty for this minority group.
Coming out is both one of the most vital and challenging life events for sexual minority individuals (Bonet et al., 2007; Grafsky, 2017; Harrison, 2003; Savin-Williams, 2001). After an initial period of crisis, some may experience significant psychological growth and positive changes in their lives (Cox et al, 2010; Solomon et al., 2015; Vaughan, 2007). This growth may be influenced both by the type of parenting received in childhood and by the amount of stress that coming out elicits later in life. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the influence of Strengths-Based Parenting and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms on PostTraumatic Growth in sexual minority individuals in Lima, Peru, after coming out. A specific objective was to examine if there were significant differences in Post-Traumatic Growth in lesbian and gay vs. bisexual individuals. Method: For this purpose, 82 participants completed the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996), the Strengths-Based Parenting Questionnaire (Waters, 2017), and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (Weathers, Litz, Keane, Palmieri, Marx & Schnurr, 2013). Correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed for the main objective, as well as independent sample t-tests for the specific objective. Results and discussion: the results show that both SBP and PTSS are significant predictors of CPT in sexual minorities after coming out. While SBP facilitates growth, excessive levels of PTSS decrease it. Finally, bisexual individuals experiment less growth in the Appreciation for Life dimension than do lesbians and gay people, illustrating an additional difficulty for this minority group.
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Identidad de género, Trastorno por stress postraumático, Crianza de los hijos
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