Planeamiento estratégico de la seguridad personal como pilar del índice de progreso social regional
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Date
2018-06-12
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Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El Ministerio del Interior es el ente que rige la seguridad de la población en el país y
es el encargado de administrar las políticas públicas nacionales y sectoriales. La seguridad
personal involucra temas de homicidio, percepción de inseguridad, victimización, muertes y
heridos por accidentes de tránsito.
Al ser la seguridad personal un tema sensible para la ciudadanía peruana y para
muchos otros países, en el presente documento planteamos estrategias implementables, y
objetivos medibles y alcanzables a corto y mediano plazo. El Ministerio del Interior, con la
implantación de este Plan Estratégico, busca lograr mejorar la calidad de vida de la
población, mediante el apoyo de los diferentes organismos involucrados en la seguridad
ciudadana.
Las declaraciones de la visión y la misión de este plan estratégico formaran la guía
para poder cumplir los objetivos y lograr las metas deseadas en estos ámbitos de la seguridad
personal de país, sobre todo a las regiones que se encuentran alejadas de la capital, las cuales
ya no tienen confianza en las leyes peruanas y están tomando la justicia por sus propias
manos, implementando en sus ciudades sus propias reglas y sus propios castigos, ya que se
sienten desprotegidos. Dentro de las mejoras que reclama la población está la seguridad
personal, debido a que muchas encuestas realizadas en los últimos años indican que existe un
alto índice de percepción de inseguridad y una tasa de victimización que ha venido
reduciendo paulatinamente pero que aún no se encuentra en un nivel óptimo en el cual se
pueda asegurar una mejora en la calidad de vida de la población.
La Policía Nacional cumple una función primordial en este ámbito de la seguridad
personal, por lo que se debe organizar a este recurso humano de tal manera que pueda estar
en todas las regiones del país, y debe estar especializada por tipos de delitos, como
criminalidad, pandillaje, robo a mano armada. Además, la Policía Nacional debe tener como
parte de su cultura organizacional estar al servicio de la población y que las personas
identifiquen su seguridad con este ente. Si bien es cierto que el encargado de velar por la
seguridad del país es el Ministerio del Interior, es necesario de manera urgente realizar
estrategias de integración entre este ente y los actores involucrados en la seguridad del país,
como el Ministerio Público, el Ministerio de Justicia y Derechos Humanos, Policía Nacional,
municipalidades, etc.
Después de un análisis profundo de los recursos con las que cuenta el país para la
seguridad personal, podemos decir que, además del recurso humano, también es fundamental
brindar las herramientas necesarias, como infraestructura adecuada, para que puedan cumplir
sus funciones de manera eficiente. Asimismo, se debe hacer seguimiento constante a todo el
proceso de implementación y concientizar a todo el personal para que estén convencidos de
que con estas acciones mejorará el nivel de seguridad en el país.
El alcance de este documento se circunscribe a las acciones dentro del ámbito del
Ministerio del Interior, por lo que a pesar de las recomendaciones finales acerca de la
importancia de la educación para generar un cambio sostenible, consideramos que se
encuentra en el ámbito del Ministerio de Educación, por lo que no será desarrollado en el
presente documento.
The Interior Ministry is the entity which regulates the populations’ security on a national basis. It is also the one in charge of administering the public policies. The personal security comprises subjects such as homicide, insecurity perception, victimization, deaths, and deaths related to transit accidents. Personal Security is a sensitive subject for the Peruvian population and for many other countries worldwide. On this paper we have raised strategies and measurable objectives that could be accomplished in a short and medium term. With the implementation of this plan, The Interior Ministry wants to improve the populations’ quality of life with the support of the different organisms involved in the country’s security. The declarations related to the vision and mission from this strategic plan form part of the guide to comply with the objectives and achieve the desired goals related to national security, most of all from the cities that are far from the main cities. The last do not have trust in Peruvian laws and are making judge by themselves. They implement their own rules and punishments because they feel that no one is taking care of them. The population demands improvements in the national security. The people demands security for themselves. When polls have been done, they indicate that there is a high index related to insecurity. Also, the term victimization has been reducing over the past years, but still does not stay at an optimum level which can assure an improvement in the quality of life from the population. The national police have a main function in this personal security aspect. This resource must be reorganized in such a way that all cities in the country must be specialized by types of crime when dealing with gangs, theft, among others. In addition, the police must have as their operational resource the culture for being an entity that works for the people’s security. It is important to mention that the Interior Ministry is the one in charged for the country’s security affairs, however it is necessary to integrate the people involved between the mentioned ministry and the people involved in the security of the country. These are the Justice Ministry, Human Rights, National Police Department, and Municipalities. After making a profound analysis on the resources that the country has, we can state in addition of the human resource that we need, it is mandatory that we have the tools such as an adequate infrastructure to comply with the functions in such an efficient way. There must be a constant follow up to make these actions come a reality with the result of achieving a better rate of security in the country. The scope of this document is limited to actions within the Interior Ministry, so despite the final recommendations about the importance of education to generate sustainable change, we consider that it is within the scope of the Education Ministry, so it will not be developed in this document.
The Interior Ministry is the entity which regulates the populations’ security on a national basis. It is also the one in charge of administering the public policies. The personal security comprises subjects such as homicide, insecurity perception, victimization, deaths, and deaths related to transit accidents. Personal Security is a sensitive subject for the Peruvian population and for many other countries worldwide. On this paper we have raised strategies and measurable objectives that could be accomplished in a short and medium term. With the implementation of this plan, The Interior Ministry wants to improve the populations’ quality of life with the support of the different organisms involved in the country’s security. The declarations related to the vision and mission from this strategic plan form part of the guide to comply with the objectives and achieve the desired goals related to national security, most of all from the cities that are far from the main cities. The last do not have trust in Peruvian laws and are making judge by themselves. They implement their own rules and punishments because they feel that no one is taking care of them. The population demands improvements in the national security. The people demands security for themselves. When polls have been done, they indicate that there is a high index related to insecurity. Also, the term victimization has been reducing over the past years, but still does not stay at an optimum level which can assure an improvement in the quality of life from the population. The national police have a main function in this personal security aspect. This resource must be reorganized in such a way that all cities in the country must be specialized by types of crime when dealing with gangs, theft, among others. In addition, the police must have as their operational resource the culture for being an entity that works for the people’s security. It is important to mention that the Interior Ministry is the one in charged for the country’s security affairs, however it is necessary to integrate the people involved between the mentioned ministry and the people involved in the security of the country. These are the Justice Ministry, Human Rights, National Police Department, and Municipalities. After making a profound analysis on the resources that the country has, we can state in addition of the human resource that we need, it is mandatory that we have the tools such as an adequate infrastructure to comply with the functions in such an efficient way. There must be a constant follow up to make these actions come a reality with the result of achieving a better rate of security in the country. The scope of this document is limited to actions within the Interior Ministry, so despite the final recommendations about the importance of education to generate sustainable change, we consider that it is within the scope of the Education Ministry, so it will not be developed in this document.
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Keywords
Seguridad ciudadana, Planificación estratégica
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