Afectividad y, control y tolerancia al estrés en cuidadores de hogares protegidos de una provincia peruana
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2019-12-09
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Los cuidadores de Hogares Protegidos [HP] cumplen funciones que pueden generar un
impacto en su salud mental, especialmente en su afectividad, y control y tolerancia al
estrés. Así, la presente investigación busca describir las características afectivas y la
capacidad de control en un grupo de 26 cuidadores de HP de una provincia peruana. Para
esto, se utilizaron los clústers de afectividad, y de control y tolerancia al estrés del Sistema
Comprehensivo para el Psicodiagnóstico de Rorschach y una ficha de datos. Los resultados
obtenidos se contrastaron con un grupo de comparación de características
sociodemográficas similares. En relación a la afectividad, las variables FC y de espacio en
blanco S fueron menores en el grupo de estudio, mientras que las variables CF, C, y las de
sombreado (FY, YF y SumY) fueron mayores, con respecto al grupo en comparación. En
relación al clúster de control y tolerancia al estrés, solamente los puntajes D y AdjD fueron
menores que el grupo de contraste. Los resultados sugieren que los cuidadores de HP
experimentan emociones poco moduladas que conllevan a una dificultad para la regulación
de sus emociones y a un tipo de descargas afectivas con un control disminuido. Se
evidencia la existencia de fuertes sentimientos de malestar de origen situacional, sin que
puedan ser controlados y que tienden a ser evitados. Asimismo, hay una dificultad para
generar conductas deliberadas frente a situaciones estresantes de manera cotidiana, ante lo
cual presentan respuestas de afrontamiento evitativo. Finalmente, se mencionan las
limitaciones, recomendaciones, y alcances del estudio.
Caregivers of “Hogares Protegidos” carry out many functions that generate an impact on their mental health, especially in their affectivity, and control and tolerance to the stress. Therefore, this research aims to describe the emotional expression and the capacity for control in a group of 30 caregivers of “Hogares Protegidos” in a Peruvian province. The evaluation was performed with the Rorschach test using the comprehensive system of Exner, and with a data sheet. Also, the results obtained from the sample were compared with a comparison group of similar socio-demographic characteristics. Concerning to the affectivity cluster, variables FC and the responses to the blank space S were lower in the study group, while the variables CF, C and those representative of shading variables (FY, YF and SumY) were higher, compared to the contrast group. Concerning to the control and stress tolerance cluster, only the scores D and AdjD have a lower setting than the comparison group, obtaining both negative values. The results showed that there is a greater impact in the affective world of caregivers of Hogares protegidos, like an experience of emotions of great intensity that entail a difficulty for the regulation of their emotions and a type of emotional discharges more uncontrolled. There is evidence of strong feelings of discomfort of a situational event, without being able to be controlled. Also, they showed a difficulty to generate deliberate behaviors facing stressful situations in a particular and daily way, before which avoidant coping responses will be presented. Finally, the limitations and scope of the study are mentioned, as well as the recommendations.
Caregivers of “Hogares Protegidos” carry out many functions that generate an impact on their mental health, especially in their affectivity, and control and tolerance to the stress. Therefore, this research aims to describe the emotional expression and the capacity for control in a group of 30 caregivers of “Hogares Protegidos” in a Peruvian province. The evaluation was performed with the Rorschach test using the comprehensive system of Exner, and with a data sheet. Also, the results obtained from the sample were compared with a comparison group of similar socio-demographic characteristics. Concerning to the affectivity cluster, variables FC and the responses to the blank space S were lower in the study group, while the variables CF, C and those representative of shading variables (FY, YF and SumY) were higher, compared to the contrast group. Concerning to the control and stress tolerance cluster, only the scores D and AdjD have a lower setting than the comparison group, obtaining both negative values. The results showed that there is a greater impact in the affective world of caregivers of Hogares protegidos, like an experience of emotions of great intensity that entail a difficulty for the regulation of their emotions and a type of emotional discharges more uncontrolled. There is evidence of strong feelings of discomfort of a situational event, without being able to be controlled. Also, they showed a difficulty to generate deliberate behaviors facing stressful situations in a particular and daily way, before which avoidant coping responses will be presented. Finally, the limitations and scope of the study are mentioned, as well as the recommendations.
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Afecto (Psicología), Stress (Psicología), Prueba de Rorschach, Cuidadores--Salud mental
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