Las habilidades socioemocionales de las docentes de primaria en el favorecimiento de la convivencia de aula en una escuela pública del distrito de San Miguel
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2024-06-20
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Las habilidades socioemocionales docentes son esenciales para establecer relaciones
interpersonales asertivas en la escuela. En el intercambio de conocimientos, sentimientos y
otras expresiones, el/la docente debe ser capaz de regular sus emociones, escuchar a sus
interlocutores y actuar con respeto y justicia. Todo ello permite construir una convivencia en
el aula basada en principios de democracia, igualdad y paz. En tal sentido, el objetivo de la
presente investigación es analizar las habilidades socioemocionales de las docentes del
quinto ciclo de educación primaria y su favorecimiento en la convivencia en el aula. De esa
manera, desde un enfoque cualitativo tipo descriptivo de investigación, se busca hallar
información en cuanto a la empatía, adaptación y sensibilidad comunicativa, y autoeficacia
de las docentes, con la intención de describir cómo estas fomentan la convivencia
democrática, pacífica e inclusiva. Para ello, se aplica dos instrumentos de recolección de
datos: guía de entrevista, dirigida a 3 docentes tutoras; y guía de observación, aplicada a 8
sesiones de aprendizaje. Del análisis, se concluye que las habilidades abordadas favorecen
la convivencia en sus tres elementos. El respeto a las circunstancias de la/el estudiante, el
fomento de la participación activa y la reflexión de los eventos de violencia, productos de las
dinámicas de interacción, el uso de estrategias de enseñanza y la motivación docente,
generan espacios de comprensión. Finalmente, se recomienda realizar más estudios
respecto al tema en el Perú, elaborar instrumentos desde los elementos de la convivencia
en relación con las habilidades socioemocionales e incluir las perceptivas de los/las
estudiantes.
Teacher Socio-Emotional Skills are essential for establishing assertive interpersonal relationships at school. In the exchange of knowledge, feelings and other expressions, the teacher must be able to regulate their emotions, listen to his interlocutors and act with respect and justice. All this allows us to build a coexistence in the classroom based on the principles of democracy, equality and peace. In this sense, the objective of the present investigation is to analyze Teachers’ Socio-emotional Skills of the fifth cycle of primary education and their favoring in the coexistence in the classroom. In this way, from a qualitative research approach, it seeks to find information regarding empathy, adaptation and communicative sensitivity, and self-efficacy of teachers, with the intention of describing how they promote democratic, peaceful and inclusive coexistence. To this end, two instruments are applied for the collection of information: interview guide, aimed at 3 tutor teachers; and observation guide, applied to 8 learning sessions. From the analysis it is concluded that the skills addressed favor coexistence in its three elements. Respect for the student's circumstances, the promotion of active participation and reflection on violent acts, products of interaction dynamics, the use of didactic strategies and teacher motivation, generate spaces for understanding. Finally, it is recommended to carry out more studies on the subject in Peru, develop instruments based on the elements of coexistence in relation to socioemotional skills and include the students' perceptions.
Teacher Socio-Emotional Skills are essential for establishing assertive interpersonal relationships at school. In the exchange of knowledge, feelings and other expressions, the teacher must be able to regulate their emotions, listen to his interlocutors and act with respect and justice. All this allows us to build a coexistence in the classroom based on the principles of democracy, equality and peace. In this sense, the objective of the present investigation is to analyze Teachers’ Socio-emotional Skills of the fifth cycle of primary education and their favoring in the coexistence in the classroom. In this way, from a qualitative research approach, it seeks to find information regarding empathy, adaptation and communicative sensitivity, and self-efficacy of teachers, with the intention of describing how they promote democratic, peaceful and inclusive coexistence. To this end, two instruments are applied for the collection of information: interview guide, aimed at 3 tutor teachers; and observation guide, applied to 8 learning sessions. From the analysis it is concluded that the skills addressed favor coexistence in its three elements. Respect for the student's circumstances, the promotion of active participation and reflection on violent acts, products of interaction dynamics, the use of didactic strategies and teacher motivation, generate spaces for understanding. Finally, it is recommended to carry out more studies on the subject in Peru, develop instruments based on the elements of coexistence in relation to socioemotional skills and include the students' perceptions.
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Personal docente--Actitudes, Educación primaria--Investigaciones, Educación inclusiva
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