La autonomía de facto del regulador de las telecomunicaciones
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2021-11-30
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La autonomía del organismo regulador constituye un requisito importante que busca garantizar que las decisiones que éste adopta sean técnicas e imparciales. En el caso del regulador peruano de las telecomunicaciones, estudios pasados (Ruiz y Granda (2015) y UIT (2016)) basados en la metodología introducida por Gilardi (2002) han mostrado que el estándar de autonomía formal o ‘de jure’ del OSIPTEL es relativamente alto respecto de sus pares de la región. Sin embargo, el nivel de autonomía de una agencia reguladora también puede estar relacionado con reglas informales, así como con la efectividad con la cual dichas reglas se cumplen en la práctica. El presente artículo, utilizando la metodología introducida por Maggetti (2007) y usando información secundaria, así como los resultados del estudio de OECD (2019), estima el nivel de autonomía ‘de facto’ del regulador. El principal resultado alcanzado es que los niveles de autonomía de facto de OSIPTEL estimados son inferiores comparados con los obtenidos en el caso de la autonomía formal, debido principalmente a la influencia del poder ejecutivo en las decisiones de carácter presupuestal y organizacional del regulador.
The autonomy of the regulatory body is an important requirement that seeks to ensure its technical and impartial decisions. Studies applied to the Peruvian telecommunications regulator (Ruiz and Granda (2015) and ITU (2016)), based on the methodology introduced by Gilardi (2002) have shown that the formal or ‘de jure’ autonomy standard held by OSIPTEL is relatively high compared to its peers in the region. However, the degree of autonomy of a regulatory agency can also be related to informal rules as well as the effectiveness with which those rules are enforced in practice. This article, using the methodology introduced by Maggetti (2007), secondary information as well as the results of the OECD study (2019), estimates the ‘de facto’ degree of autonomy of the regulator. The main result achieved is that the ‘de facto’ degree of autonomy estimated for OSIPTEL are lower compared to those obtained in the case of formal autonomy, mainly due to the influence of the central government in the budgetary and organizational decisions of the regulator.
The autonomy of the regulatory body is an important requirement that seeks to ensure its technical and impartial decisions. Studies applied to the Peruvian telecommunications regulator (Ruiz and Granda (2015) and ITU (2016)), based on the methodology introduced by Gilardi (2002) have shown that the formal or ‘de jure’ autonomy standard held by OSIPTEL is relatively high compared to its peers in the region. However, the degree of autonomy of a regulatory agency can also be related to informal rules as well as the effectiveness with which those rules are enforced in practice. This article, using the methodology introduced by Maggetti (2007), secondary information as well as the results of the OECD study (2019), estimates the ‘de facto’ degree of autonomy of the regulator. The main result achieved is that the ‘de facto’ degree of autonomy estimated for OSIPTEL are lower compared to those obtained in the case of formal autonomy, mainly due to the influence of the central government in the budgetary and organizational decisions of the regulator.
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Autonomía Regulatoria, Partes Interesadas, Organismo Regulador, OSIPTEL
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