Estudio de caso de un niño de 8 años con trastorno específico de aprendizaje con dificultad en la lectura y escritura
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2021-02-03
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La lectura y la escritura son habilidades complejas porque involucran el funcionamiento e integración eficaz de
procesos para la construcción mental de significados y la composición escrita respetivamente.. En este sentido,
es fundamental el reconocimiento de la palabra escrita para la comprensión lectora y la escritura de palabras
con corrección para la composición escrita. Por lo tanto, el presente estudio de caso tiene como objetivo
describir el proceso de evaluación e intervención en un niño de 8 años, quien presenta una dificultad específica
del aprendizaje a nivel de la lectura y escritura de palabras. Desde una perspectiva cognitiva y en base al
análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo del perfil de aprendizaje del niño teniendo en cuenta los errores específicos,
la intervención prioriza la automatización de los procesos de bajo nivel de la lectura y el desarrollo de los
procesos léxico-ortográficos de la escritura y la memoria auditiva inmediata; para lo cual se diseñan diversas
actividades lúdicas empleando las estructuras silábicas VC y CVV.
Finalizado el proceso de intervención, se evidencia un mejor dominio de la ruta de conversión grafema fonema
que favorece la precisión en la lectura de palabras y textos; en cuanto a la escritura el niño logra escribir
palabras empleando (ortografía natural) y además se fortalece la retención de una secuencia de sonidos que
impactan en la lectura y escritura.
Reading and writing are complex skills because they involve the effective functioning and integration of processes for the mental construction of meanings and written composition respectively. In this sense, recognition of the written word is essential for reading comprehension and writing of words with correction for written composition. Therefore, the present case study aims to describe the evaluation and intervention process in an 8-year-old boy, who presents a specific learning difficulty at the level of reading and writing words. From a cognitive perspective and based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the child's learning profile taking into account specific errors, the intervention prioritizes the automation of the low-level processes of reading and the development of the lexical-orthographic processes of writing and immediate auditory memory; for which various recreational activities are designed using the VC and CVV syllabic structures. After the intervention process, there is evidence of a better mastery of the grapheme-phoneme conversion route that favors accuracy in the reading of words and texts; Regarding writing, the child manages to write words using (natural spelling) and also strengthens the retention of a sequence of sounds that impact reading and writing.
Reading and writing are complex skills because they involve the effective functioning and integration of processes for the mental construction of meanings and written composition respectively. In this sense, recognition of the written word is essential for reading comprehension and writing of words with correction for written composition. Therefore, the present case study aims to describe the evaluation and intervention process in an 8-year-old boy, who presents a specific learning difficulty at the level of reading and writing words. From a cognitive perspective and based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the child's learning profile taking into account specific errors, the intervention prioritizes the automation of the low-level processes of reading and the development of the lexical-orthographic processes of writing and immediate auditory memory; for which various recreational activities are designed using the VC and CVV syllabic structures. After the intervention process, there is evidence of a better mastery of the grapheme-phoneme conversion route that favors accuracy in the reading of words and texts; Regarding writing, the child manages to write words using (natural spelling) and also strengthens the retention of a sequence of sounds that impact reading and writing.
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Aprendizaje (Educación)--Metodología, Lectura--Estudio y enseñanza (Primaria), Escritura--Estudio y enseñanza (Primaria), Juegos educativos