Estudio de caso de un niño de 9 años y 7 meses con dificultad en los procesos léxicos de la lectura y de la escritura
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Date
2022-05-02
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El lenguaje escrito se adquiere a través de la enseñanza explícita en los primeros años escolares; sin
embargo, existe un grupo pequeño de niños que presenta dificultades para poder aprender a leer y escribir,
presentado un desfase significativo en estos procesos y repercute en el ámbito social, emocional, familiar
y escolar del niño. El objetivo del presente estudio de caso es estructurar un plan de evaluación e
intervención para un niño del tercer grado de primaria que presenta dificultad específica de la lectura y
escritura afectando su precisión y velocidad al leer y escribir. El plan de intervención está diseñado bajo el
modelo de la doble ruta de la lectura, utilizando estrategias y tareas para fortalecer habilidades fonológicas.
La intervención en el área de la lectura logró consolidar las habilidades fonológicas y las reglas de
conversión grafema-fonema, permitiendo que el niño lea con precisión, asimismo, incrementó su repertorio
léxico reduciendo su velocidad.
En el área de la escritura logró escribir con precisión debido al fortalecimiento de las habilidades
fonológicas, y al trabajo que se realizó con la lectura, obtuvo un impacto favorable en la adquisición de la
regla de conversión fonema – grafema. Se concluye que en la intervención se lograron avances positivos
en el aprendizaje del lenguaj
Written language is acquired through explicit teaching in the early school years; However, there is a small group of children who have difficulties learning to read and write, presenting a significant gap in these processes and affecting the child's social, emotional, family and school environment. The objective of this case study is to structure an evaluation and intervention plan for a third grade primary school child with specific reading and writing difficulties affecting his accuracy and speed when reading and writing. The intervention plan is designed under the model of the double reading path, using strategies and tasks to strengthen phonological skills. The intervention in the area of reading managed to consolidate phonological skills and the rules of grapheme-phoneme conversion, allowing the child to read accurately, and also increased their lexical repertoire by reducing their speed. In the area of writing, he managed to write with precision due to the strengthening of phonological skills, and the work that was done with reading had a favorable impact on the acquisition of the phoneme-grapheme conversion rule. It is concluded that the intervention made positive advances in the learning of written language; however, his abilities remain below expectations for his academic degree.
Written language is acquired through explicit teaching in the early school years; However, there is a small group of children who have difficulties learning to read and write, presenting a significant gap in these processes and affecting the child's social, emotional, family and school environment. The objective of this case study is to structure an evaluation and intervention plan for a third grade primary school child with specific reading and writing difficulties affecting his accuracy and speed when reading and writing. The intervention plan is designed under the model of the double reading path, using strategies and tasks to strengthen phonological skills. The intervention in the area of reading managed to consolidate phonological skills and the rules of grapheme-phoneme conversion, allowing the child to read accurately, and also increased their lexical repertoire by reducing their speed. In the area of writing, he managed to write with precision due to the strengthening of phonological skills, and the work that was done with reading had a favorable impact on the acquisition of the phoneme-grapheme conversion rule. It is concluded that the intervention made positive advances in the learning of written language; however, his abilities remain below expectations for his academic degree.
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Keywords
Lectura (Educación primaria)--Estudio de casos, Escritura (Educación primaria)--Estudio de casos, Lectura--Dificultades--Estudio de casos, Educación primaria--Aspectos psicológicos--Estudio de casos