El Riesgo Moral y la Regulación de la Calidad de los Servicios Públicos
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Date
2015
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Una de las funciones de un organismo regulador es la supervisión de la calidad del servicio que las empresas reguladas prestan a los usuarios finales, con el objeto de lograr una mejora en su prestación y verificar el cumplimiento de los estándares de calidad mínimos que la legislación de la materia impone a las concesionarias de dichos servicios públicos.Dada la asimetría de información que tiende a existir entre las empresas prestadoras de servicios públicos y el regulador, la toma de decisiones por parte de éstas les permite disminuir los costos en que deben incurrir para prestar un servicio con estándares de calidad adecuados, a efectos de maximizar sus beneficios; e impide que el regulador pueda fiscalizar tal servicio y tomar las acciones correctivas necesarias en favor de la población. Este conflicto de intereses es conocido como riesgo moral. El presente artículo identifica y describe las situaciones en las que puede presentarse riesgo moral, proponiendo la utilización de incentivos para solucionar dicho conflicto.
One of the main purposes of a Regulatory Agency is to monitor the quality of the service that regulated companies provide to its final users, in order to achieve an improvement in its performance and verify compliance with minimum quality standards that legislation impose on the concessionaires of public services.Given the asymmetry of information that tends to exist between the companies providing public services and the regulator, the decision by the latter allows them to reduce the costs that must be incurred to provide a service with appropriate quality standards, in order to maximize their benefits; and prevents the regulator to oversee such a service and take necessary corrective actions for the population. This conflict of interest is known as moral hazard.This article identifies and describes the situations in which moral hazard can occur, proposing the use of incentives to resolve the conflict.
One of the main purposes of a Regulatory Agency is to monitor the quality of the service that regulated companies provide to its final users, in order to achieve an improvement in its performance and verify compliance with minimum quality standards that legislation impose on the concessionaires of public services.Given the asymmetry of information that tends to exist between the companies providing public services and the regulator, the decision by the latter allows them to reduce the costs that must be incurred to provide a service with appropriate quality standards, in order to maximize their benefits; and prevents the regulator to oversee such a service and take necessary corrective actions for the population. This conflict of interest is known as moral hazard.This article identifies and describes the situations in which moral hazard can occur, proposing the use of incentives to resolve the conflict.
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Public Services, Quality, Information Asymmetry, Moral Hazard, Regulation, Riesgo moral, Regulación, Servicios públicos, Calidad, Riesgos, Asimetría de información
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