Business consulting para el Banco de la Nación
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Date
2023-10-16
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Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La crisis sanitaria del COVID-19 hizo que los procesos de transformación digital que
ya estaban en marcha en varias instituciones financieras se aceleren, hoy la tendencia obliga a
todos los bancos a transformarse y poner en el centro al cliente que requiere canales y
productos digitales. El presente trabajo de Business Consulting se realizó en el Banco de la
Nación, que es una empresa estatal, que no compite en el sistema financiero, sin embargo,
requiere apoyar al Estado con un eficiente servicio de recaudación, actuar como un eficiente
agente fiduciario y transaccional, otorgar préstamos a empleados públicos y actuar como
institución inclusiva en los distritos más alejados del país.
El trabajo se inició con un diagnóstico del Banco, se utilizó la herramienta PESTE
para el análisis del entorno y la herramienta AMOFHIT para el análisis interno, se elaboró la
matriz FODA con la información de los análisis realizados, resaltando ciertas debilidades
relacionadas a la carencia de metodologías, áreas, recursos humanos, etc. que no permiten al
banco avanzar o encaminarse en el proceso de transformación digital. Para la determinación
del problema principal se evaluaron tres metodologías para su aplicación; Design Thinking.
Dominio Digital y Modelo de negocios, de ellos se escogió la metodología del Dominio
Digital, la cual se aplicó a través de encuestas, encontrándose que el banco no ha desarrollado
las habilidades digitales y de liderazgo de su personal, con esta metodología se concluyó que
el problema principal del banco es que existe una insuficiente competitividad en la
implementación del proceso de transformación digital que permita mejorar la experiencia del
cliente, lo cual pone en desventaja con respecto al Sistema Financiero donde existen bancos
muy avanzados en éste proceso.
A fin de explicar las causales del problema principal se utilizó la metodología de
causa-efecto o modelo de Ishikawa, encontrando la causa que más impacta en el problema es
que el banco no tiene estrategias de transformación digital. Desde la perspectiva de la aplicación de la metodología de dominio digital se propusieron alternativas de solución para
los cuatro dominios: Clientes, Data, Competencia e Innovación, no se propusieron
alternativas de solución para la propuesta de valor, ya que se consideró que ésta es
consecuencia de la aplicación de los cuatro dominios. Se evaluaron todas las alternativas de
solución propuestas y se concluyó que el banco debería iniciar con la realización de un
Business Intelligence, para lo cual se propuso la implementación de Data Lake como base del
desarrollo del proyecto de Business Intelligence dejando la parte de análisis y visualización
de data; luego se elaboró un plan de implementación detallando sus actividades, responsable
y tiempo, luego se hizo una investigación a través de la realización de cotizaciones con
empresas para saber el costo de las actividades, para elaborar el presupuesto estimado de la
implementación. Con esta información se elaboró un flujo para cinco años, obteniéndose un
Valor Actual Neto (VAN) de S/54’460,688 MM, una Tasa Interna de Retorno (TIR) de 269%
y una ratio de B/C >1, lo que demuestra la viabilidad del proyecto.
The COVID-19 health crisis accelerated the digital transformation processes that were already underway in several financial institutions to accelerate, today the trend forces all banks to transform and put at the center the customer who requires digital channels and products. The present work of Business Consulting was carried out in Banco de la Nación, which is a state-owned company, which does not compete in the financial system, however, it needs to support the State with an efficient collection service, act as an efficient fiduciary and transactional agent, grant loans to public employees and act as an inclusive institution hip the greatest isolated quarters of the nation. The work began with a diagnosis of the bank, using the PESTE tool for the study of the situation then the AMOFHIT tool for the internal analysis, the SWOT matrix was elaborated with the information of the analyses performed, highlighting certain weaknesses related to the lack of methodologies, areas, human resources, etc. that do not allow the bank to advance or move forward hip the procedure of digital transformation, for the determination of the main problem three methodologies were evaluated for its application; Design Thinking. Digital Domain and Business Model, from them the Digital Domain methodology was chosen, which was applied through surveys, finding that the bank has not developed the digital and leadership skills of its staff, with this methodology the state stood settled that the chief problematic of the bank is that here is insufficient competitiveness in the implementation of the digital transformation process that allows improving the customer experience, which puts it at a disadvantage with respect to the financial system where there are very advanced banks in this process. In instruction near clarify the reasons of the main tricky, the cause-effect methodology or Ishikawa model was used, finding the cause that has the utmost influence arranged the tricky is that the bank does not have digital transformation strategies. From the perspective of the application of the digital domain methodology, solution alternatives were proposed for the four domains: Customers, Data, Competition and Innovation; no solution alternatives were proposed for the four domains: Customers, Data, Competition and Innovation, no solution alternatives were proposed for the value proposition, since it was considered that this is an importance of the claim of the four domains. All the proposed solution alternatives were appraised then it was decided that the bank should start with the application of a Business Intelligence, for which the implementation of Data Lake was proposed as the base for the expansion of the Business Intelligence project, leaving the data analysis and visualization part; then an implementation plan was elaborated detailing its activities, responsible and time, then an investigation was made through the realization of quotations with companies to know the price of the activities, to elaborate the estimated budget of the implementation. With this information a five-year cash flow was elaborated, obtaining a Net Present Value (NPV) of S/54’460,688 MM, an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 269% then a B/C ratio >1, which demonstrates the viability of the project.
The COVID-19 health crisis accelerated the digital transformation processes that were already underway in several financial institutions to accelerate, today the trend forces all banks to transform and put at the center the customer who requires digital channels and products. The present work of Business Consulting was carried out in Banco de la Nación, which is a state-owned company, which does not compete in the financial system, however, it needs to support the State with an efficient collection service, act as an efficient fiduciary and transactional agent, grant loans to public employees and act as an inclusive institution hip the greatest isolated quarters of the nation. The work began with a diagnosis of the bank, using the PESTE tool for the study of the situation then the AMOFHIT tool for the internal analysis, the SWOT matrix was elaborated with the information of the analyses performed, highlighting certain weaknesses related to the lack of methodologies, areas, human resources, etc. that do not allow the bank to advance or move forward hip the procedure of digital transformation, for the determination of the main problem three methodologies were evaluated for its application; Design Thinking. Digital Domain and Business Model, from them the Digital Domain methodology was chosen, which was applied through surveys, finding that the bank has not developed the digital and leadership skills of its staff, with this methodology the state stood settled that the chief problematic of the bank is that here is insufficient competitiveness in the implementation of the digital transformation process that allows improving the customer experience, which puts it at a disadvantage with respect to the financial system where there are very advanced banks in this process. In instruction near clarify the reasons of the main tricky, the cause-effect methodology or Ishikawa model was used, finding the cause that has the utmost influence arranged the tricky is that the bank does not have digital transformation strategies. From the perspective of the application of the digital domain methodology, solution alternatives were proposed for the four domains: Customers, Data, Competition and Innovation; no solution alternatives were proposed for the four domains: Customers, Data, Competition and Innovation, no solution alternatives were proposed for the value proposition, since it was considered that this is an importance of the claim of the four domains. All the proposed solution alternatives were appraised then it was decided that the bank should start with the application of a Business Intelligence, for which the implementation of Data Lake was proposed as the base for the expansion of the Business Intelligence project, leaving the data analysis and visualization part; then an implementation plan was elaborated detailing its activities, responsible and time, then an investigation was made through the realization of quotations with companies to know the price of the activities, to elaborate the estimated budget of the implementation. With this information a five-year cash flow was elaborated, obtaining a Net Present Value (NPV) of S/54’460,688 MM, an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 269% then a B/C ratio >1, which demonstrates the viability of the project.
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Consultores de empresas--Planificación estratégica, Bancos--Perú, Banco de la Nación (Perú)
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