(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020-08-23) Ponte Torrel, Juan Manuel
Lima experienced in August 2016 a massive mobilization against violence against women. From different theoretical approaches (frustration, mobilization of resources, collective action and political opportunity) an attempt was made to explain these events; however, few focused on the framing approach as an instrument of social mobilization. Thus, collective action frameworks are action-oriented sets of beliefs and meanings that inspire and legitimize social movement organizing activities and campaigns. We see that social movements seek to build a discourse through frames, which give them the opportunity to sustain the movement, or, as far as possible, to add a greater number of followers and seek solutions that benefit them. To do this, we start from the question: What frames were the most important in the Facebook managed by the collective “Ni Una Menos Peru: they touch one touch all” during the mobilization processes against violence against women? To answer this question, we took as an object of analysis the Facebook posts of the most important page that the aforementioned movement had. For the capture and analysis of the publications we rely on computational techniques of text analysis, in addition to content analysis. Finally, it is concluded that the frames of justice, violence and gender guided the march of the movement, although each of them presented different stages (diagnosis, prognosis and motivation) to articulate the demands.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020-08-23) Lúcar Oba, León; Romero Miraval, Sergio
The strength of the indigenous movement in Ecuador has proven itself, since the change of century, to be capable of shaping national politics through social pressure and mobilization. From massive protests that toppled presidents, to candidates strategically aligning with CONAIE, the indigenous movement has been consolidated as a central political actor in Ecuador. Nonetheless, the trajectory of its political stances and actions has not been stable, and this variation seems to be explained by the movement’s relationship vis-a-vis the government in office. The present article will briefly go over the governments of Gutiérrez, Correa and Moreno (up to 2019) to establish theoretical frameworks in which the demands of the indigenous movement can be classified, to be able to identify the reasoning behind the different courses of action and incentives for mobilization. Particularly, the analysis will shine light on how national politics create incentives for the Ecuadorian indigenous movement to use its organizational resources to pressure the government.
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020-08-23) Carabajal, José Daniel
In the present work, the marches in justice claim for the “Double crime of La Dársena” and its possible incidence in the termination of the juarista regime in 2004 in the province of Santiago del Estero are analyzed. Said regime ended its mandate through the Federal Intervention decreed by the National Congress after the aforementioned crimes that exposed the irregularities and abuses of power of this government. On that occasion, from different sectors of society, protest marches were created in the demand for justice that concentrated the attention of the national media and the National Government itself on Santiago del Estero. For this article, no less than ten interviews were conducted with participants and organizers of these marches, to then perform a content analysis in matrices. Tarrow's perspective was adopted as the main theoretical line, and the main claims of the different political and social sectors that mobilized a part of civil society in the province were described. Likewise, they inquired about the possible incidence, and how they did it, of the marches at the end of the Juarismo. It should be noted that the nationalization of the protest and the presence of the national media made the opening of said regime possible, enabling the arrival of Federal Intervention to the province. This was possible thanks to a sum of factors that came together (political opportunity, lack of understanding between the national and subnational governments, violation of Human Rights, etc.) so that the national government could make the political decision to oust the Juarista regime from power.
