Journal of CENTRUM Cathedra. Vol. 07, Issue 01
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://54.81.141.168/handle/123456789/194736
Tabla de Contenido
JCC Volume 7 - Issue 1 - 2014
Explorar
5 resultados
Resultados de Búsqueda
Ítem Acceso Abierto Minimum Wage and Job Mobility in Peru(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2014) Cespedes, Nikita; Sanchez, AlanWe study the effects of the minimum wage over employment and income in Peru by considering a monthly database that captures seven minimum wage changes registered between 2002 and 2011. We estimate that about 1 million workers earn an income by main occupation in the neighborhood of the minimum wage. Findings show that the minimum wage-income elasticity is statistically significant; the evidence also suggests that those who receive low incomes and those working in small businesses are the most affected by increases in the minimum wage. Employment effects are monotonically decreasing in absolute terms by firm size: they are moderate in large firms and higher in small firms. Results are robust when assessing the job-to-job transitions. Finally, we present evidence that supports the hypothesis that the minimum wage in Peru is correlated with income. The movement of income distribution in the context of changes in the minimum wage and the results provided by a model that captures the drivers of income justify this finding.Ítem Acceso Abierto Competitiveness Among Higher Education Institutions: A Two-Stage Cobb-Douglas Model for Efficiency Measurement of Schools of Business(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2014) Avilés-Sacoto, Sonia Valeria; Cook, W. D.; Güemes-Castorena, DavidIn this paper, we present a methodology for evaluating competing organizations in order to identify best practices among those organizations. We focus attention specifically on competitiveness in the context of a set of business schools for the purpose of identifying those that appear to be most efficient relative to their peers. One of the most widely recognized efficiency measurement methodologies is data envelopment analysis (DEA). DEA literature has witnessed the expansion of the original concept to encompass a wide range of theoretical and applied research areas, with one such area being network DEA, with two-stage DEA in particular. This latter concept and its extensions to multi-stage situations have been particularly influential in such settings as supply chain management. In the conventional two-stage serial model, it is assumed that in each stage efficiency will be defined by the standard ratio of weighted outputs to inputs or inputs to outputs. This depends on whether an input or output orientation is chosen. In terms of the model used, we develop a two-stage approach where at each stage we define efficiency in terms of a Cobb-Douglas function. This serves two important purposes. First, the data in this particular setting appears in the form of percentages or ratings. Therefore, a geometric mean which the Cobb-Douglas function is based on might be deemed as more appropriate than the arithmetic mean concept at the center of the conventional model. Second, unlike some of the previous models that define the aggregate efficiency of the process as the simple product of the scores for the two stages, the Cobb-Douglas structure permits one to define aggregate efficiency as a weighted product of those scores. This permits one to place greater emphasis on one stage versus the other. This allows for a sensitivity analysis on the effect of the “stage weights” on the aggregate score and on the individual scores that make up that aggregate.Ítem Acceso Abierto Currency Choices in Valuation: An Approach for Emerging Markets(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2014) L. Dumrauf, GuillermoOne of the common issues in Valuation in emerging markets is the choice of the currency for the Valuation and how it affects the inputs. Very often, multinational companies, when valuing an investment or an acquisition in an emerging market, are required to express expected cash flows in a strong currency, usually dollars. Since these investments generate sales, expenses and cash flows in domestic currency, it is necessary to forecast the exchange rate for the investment horizon.Ítem Acceso Abierto Internationalization of Firms’ Activities and Company Union Wage Strategies(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2014) Buccella, DomenicoUsing a two-country duopoly model with homogeneous goods, firms’ decisions with respect to international activities (trade vs. foreign direct investment - FDI) in the presence of company-wide unions are analyzed. If firms export, they pay trade costs per unit of the goods exported. If firms invest and set up plants abroad, they incur sunk costs. The full set of production structures that arise as sub-game perfect Nash equilibriums are derived when internationalization is feasible. The interdependence of exogenous integration costs, endogenous union wage strategies, and firms’ strategic interactions affect the equilibrium outcome: either symmetric (intra-industry trade or reciprocal FDI) or multiple symmetric (intra-industry trade and reciprocal FDI) equilibriums exist.Ítem Acceso Abierto Positions on Regulations Affecting Auditing and Nonauditing Activities(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. CENTRUM, 2014) López Gavira, Rosario; Pérez López, José Ángel; Romero García, José EnriqueThe change in regulations that occurred in Spain in the domain of auditing has led to the analysis of regulations according to the positions adopted by different groups involved in the auditing market. The purpose of this study was to investigate the positions taken by professionals involved in this sector regarding those aspects of the law that regulate the provision of services other than the auditing of annual accounts, with a view to obtaining relevant conclusions for the regulation of the auditing activity. Findings show the existence of three professional subgroups according to the level of global prohibition of the incompatibilities analyzed and the level of importance assigned to the prohibitions in two important groups of prohibitions. The difference between these professional groups is analyzed in terms of their level of prohibition in comparison with the law. Other results show the most important variables for measuring a firm’s degree of independence.