La Colmena. Núm. 15 (2022)
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://54.81.141.168/handle/123456789/194436
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Ítem Texto completo enlazado Three regional filmmakers from the Southern Andes in the Peruvian field of film(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2022-12-15) Gutiérrez, GonzaloThe main objective of this article is to provide an overview of the so-called Peruvian regional cinema. A logic of the cinematographic field in Peru is defined and it seeks to locate there three regional filmmakers from the Andean south: Jacqueline Riveros (Huancayo), Jaime Huamán (Abancay) and Flaviano Quispe (Juliaca). Now, what do these struggles for legitimacy in the Peruvian cinematographic field consist of and how do they occur? This research** argues that one of the factors that determines the struggles for legitimacy in the cinematographic field is the sociocultural origin and the (adverse) conditions of regional filmmakers in the Peruvian cinematographic field. These are examined in relation to categories and concepts worked from the sociology of culture; in particular, by the authors Pierre Bourdieu and Néstor García Canclini, and from a qualitative methodological approach. The substantial findings revolve around the perspective with which the problem in question is approached. The scarce literature regarding Peruvian regional cinema has largely opted for descriptive communication approaches, or for the analysis of discourse and content of the representations in the films. In the case of this article, it is decided to focus on the actors themselves (the filmmakers) and identify their objectives, bets, positioning strategies and different tensions in the search for legitimacy in the referred field.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Blackness, Afro-descendants and miscegenation: implications of the ethnic self-identification question of the 2017 National Census for the Afro-Peruvian population(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2022-12-15) Higashi Suárez, Ana SofíaPolicies and strategies for the recognition of ethnic identities in Latin American countries are increasingly constant and massive. Among these are self-identification questions in population management instruments, for example, those that include variables such as ethnic identities and the categories used to name them. Within this context, the 2017 Peruvian census is recognized as one of the first and main massive tools used to quantitatively measure the number of individuals who identified with certain ethnic categories and analyze their specific living conditions. The question on ethnic self-identification, however, presented biases, confusion, and concerns. The case of Afro-descendant identities was surrounded by debates and controversies, which led to both personal and public reflections. In this essay, through a review of specialized bibliography, the question of ethnic self-identification in Peru is analyzed, taking into account the construction of Peru as “mestizo”, the context of reethnization in Latin America and the particular construction of Afro-Peruvian identities. Aspects such as social movements, the idea of miscegenation, the recognition of Afro-descendant ancestry and the racial influence on Afro identities finally shaped the responses of Afro-descendant populations that could be obtained. These last factors have meant that the results around the ethnic self-identification questions are not so easy to break down, due to the contradictions and ambiguities that exist behind the ethnic identities themselves.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Business powers and agrarian conflicts. Conceptual notes from the approach of power resources in case studies: Moratorium Law on Transgenics (2011) and the conflict of the agrarian strike of 2020(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2022-12-15) Armas Gonzales, Marcelo AxelResearch on business elites and economic power has notable findings in the social sciences of Peru. However, the theoretical application of this political power has not been used, especially in contexts of agrarian conflicts. The aim proposed in this theoretical essay, focused on the power resources approach, is to improve the theoretical description and explain in detail the theory of business power, its instrumental and structural mechanisms, and the strategic application of power resources. Thereby, fundamental questions about the power of business organized in unions in state institutions and conflicts that develop against other groups are addressed. To achieve this objective, two Peruvian cases are compared: the approval of the Transgenic Moratorium Law (2011) and the conflict of the agrarian strike of 2020, through the findings of previous investigations and journalistic notes regarding “business power”. Finally, this essay provides some conceptual scope and proposes to continue the research on “business power” from the resource approach so that social conflicts and the Peruvian State can be understood in a more complex way.Ítem Texto completo enlazado Towards new ways of being and thinking of being male in a group of young k-pop followers in Lima: an analysis on the construction of an emerging masculinity(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2022-12-15) Barrera Ugarte, AlejandraThis article studies the masculinity construction process of young male fans of k-pop in Lima. K-pop is a Korean music genre whose expansion has generated a massive cultural phenomenon. To understand this process, first we present the models and representations of masculinity that these men perceive in the artists and in Lima society to later establish how they relate to these models through the construction of their own masculinity. In this sense, the following was analysed: a) how they define and evaluate the masculinity of k-pop idols; b) how these young men understand the Lima masculinity model and how they relate to it; and c) what is the balance that they make of these representations and, based on this, how they think, build and live their own masculinity. In this qualitative and ethnographic study, the methodological criteria used for the selection of the interviewees were randomisation, as well as convenience and snowball sampling. Regarding the collection of information, in-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out.Ítem Texto completo enlazado The political economy of the ambiguity of recognition: collective rights of indigenous people under Peruvian-style neoliberalism (1990-2000)(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2022-12-15) Salas, Fabio ManuelThe simultaneous appearance in 1989 of the term “Washington Consensus” and the adoption of ILO Convention 169 are not a historical curiosity, but rather a milestone in the ambiguity of the recognition of collective rights of indigenous people. Now, while the political economy of Peruvian development has been described as “heavily centralised and ethnically define exclusionary” (Orihuela, 2020, p. 146), can it be said that it only obeys the weight of history? What characterized the political economy of recognition during a markedly neoliberal period? The aim of this essay is to outline a proposal for analysis of the type of political economy that governed the recognition of indigenous people’s rights in Peru during the Fujimori decade (1990-2000). Although the historical determinants of the condition of exclusion of these people, the characteristics of the Peruvian neoliberal period and the underlying political economy have been studied, research focused on the relationship between these aspects at the end of the 20th century is scarce. The first section addresses the historical relationship between the people in question and the State; the second defines the concept of neoliberalism and its relationship with collective rights; the third section develops the analysis proposal. Finally, it is argued that the “recognition” of the right to land and territory under the Fujimori regime implied a lack of knowledge, constraint and violation of this and other collective rights of indigenous people.