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Los sistemas de impuesto a la renta de América Latina y los convenios de doble imposición vigentes
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-30) Espinosa Sepúlveda, Jorge
Tax systems in Latin America have played a very important role as the main, and in some cases the only, means of obtaining revenue to finance the major public expenditure that is necessary for the work of the states through time. Below is a short review of the main aspects of tax systems in the región, with emphasis on the impact of taxes on income in force in the majorLatin American countries, as well as a brief explanation of the network of agreements to avoid double taxation that are in force in each of them.
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Concurso de Cuentos 2013
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-30) Comité editorial de Derecho PUCP
No presenta resumen
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Tendencias del impuesto a la renta corporativo en Latinoamérica
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-03-27) Villagra Cayamana, Renée Antonieta; Zuzunaga del Pino, Fernando Enrique
The main objective of this study is to expose the corporative income taxation granted by the legislations of different Latin American countries, trying to identify and analyze trends that emerge from such treatment. This paper does not intend to make a critical or comprehensive analysis of the corporative income taxation. This paper identifies the most important issues of the resident’s income taxation, deductible expenses, non-resident taxation and withholdings, and the anti-avoidance measures introduced by the domestic legislation of Latin American countries in order to avoid the base erosion.
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El informe sobre erosión de bases imponibles y traslación de beneficios de la OCDE: origen e implementación en un marco internacional y globalizado
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-30) Serrano Antón, Fernando
This work is intended to analyze circumstances leading to OCDE’s report on tax bases erosion and shifting benefits. Inconsistency of tax systems and unilateralism in current economic globalization framework might have led to asymmetric tax situations, mostly exploited by multinational companies. Means and tools used and proposed by several international institutions in order to implement legally binding actions through soft law and acceptance by different countries as method used in the fight against tax avoidance and fraud are also discussed.
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El régimen Fatca y sus principales aristas de aplicación en el Perú
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-30) Sheppard Castillo, Karen
As an answer to the international tax evasion problem, the U.S. Congress issued the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act – Fatca. This Act aims to promote tax compliance among citizens and U.S. residents holding foreign bank accounts. To this effect, Fatca requires Foreign Financial Institutions to enter into an agreement with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to provide the IRS information about the identity and the status of the bank accounts held by US persons. Entities not willing to enter into an agreement with the IRS will be subject to a 30% withholding on U.S. sourced income regardless of whether the income is tax exempt. The application of this Act in our country brings a lot of concern regarding some issues, such us extraterritoriality, bank secrecy, the application of civil and criminal law. Since the effective date of implementation of Fatca is July 1, 2014, we understand that an official opinion concerning these issues and the possibilityto enter into an Intergovernmental Agreement with the U.S. government will be forthcoming in the following months.
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El intercambio automático de información: hacia el nuevo estándar de transparencia fiscal internacional
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-30) Pecho Trigueros, Miguel Eduardo
Tax authorities are increasingly relying on mutual cooperation with their foreign peers to enforce more effectively their internal tax laws. After the banking scandals of 2008 and the subsequent global financial crisis, the Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for TaxPurposes has proposed the exchange of information upon request as the fiscal transparency standard. However, some measures adopted by the European Union, previous initiatives from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and, above all, the introduction of the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (Fatca) by the United States in 2010 have promoted the need to adopt the automatic exchange of information as the new fiscal transparency standard. Automatic exchange of information allows home countries to verify whether their taxpayers have correctly included foreign income, allowing tax authorities to have early warning of possible noncompliance cases. In February 2014, the OECD published its proposal for a new global model of automatic exchange of financial account information. The new global model contains the necessary legal instruments and due diligence and reporting procedures, mainly for financial institutions.
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Los hechos gravados en el IVA en el derecho comparado
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-30) Villanueva Gutiérrez, Walker
This article analyzes the definitions of the main taxable events for the Value-Added Tax (VAT) based on a comparative approach to thelegislation of different countries (Spain, Mexico, Chile, Colombia, Argentina and Peru). In this regard, it analyzes which legislations offer definitions according to the principles of generality, fiscal neutrality and legal certainty for VAT. Moreover, it points out that the VAT systems of those countries do not require as a condition for the configuration of the taxable events that the transactions involve a «value added» or a final consumption. In the specificcase of «supplies of goods», the VAT systems have a similar definition of the taxable event, although there are a few differences. However, in the case of«supplies of services», which is the most important taxable event for VAT, there are important differences at the time each country defines it. This is not a desirable effect for the international trade of services, since the lack of harmonization produces double taxation or double non taxation.
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Tributación de inversiones en el sector minería e hidrocarburos
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-30) Vega Rengifo, Beatriz de la
This article comments the most important aspects of the tax treatment applicable to investments of mining and oil and gas industry. The document highlights the relevant tax topics of the general tax legislation(Income Tax Law) and the special legislation of both industries (General Mining Law and Hydrocarbons Organic Law).
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Atrasos tributarios y litigiosidad tributaria en el Perú, algunos aspectos para reflexionar
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-30) Sevillano, Sandra; Sotelo, Eduardo
Tax arrears are a frequent feature in many States and a concern that demands to reflect on the diverse variables that promote, cause or block their reduction. This paper elaborates on some of the variables that could promote or contribute to generate tax arrears and on some aspects of the Peruvian tax system that could help to explain the current level of tax arrears and the tax litigiousness in Peru. Tax Administration pitfalls that contribute to the generation of tax arrears and tax litigiousness are not avoided but are certainly not the core part of this work.
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La fiscalidad de las cooperativas desde la perspectiva de la internacionalización de la economía social y el desarrollo sostenible
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Fondo Editorial, 2014-07-30) Patón García, Gemma
The economic crisis has created a major concern in developedcountries for control of social risks with negative effects on growth and this problem can be approached from the perspective of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Thus, CSR is seen as an entrepreneurial attitude aimed at promoting social, economic and environmental purposes while guarantying competitiveness in the international market. Thus, social economy can contribute to sustainable development, economic and social cohesion, to promote productive and income distribution, to ensure employment and equality of opportunities. The purpose of this study is to have an influence onthe role that taxation plays in the area of incentive policies related to social economy and very prominently manifested in the legal status of cooperatives. The approach aims to provide proposals on tax regulation of cooperatives taking the perspective of the international context and the size of the sector in countries like Spain and Peru in order to encourage cooperative social responsibility. Indeed, the importance of providing a legal and fiscal framework to promote their internationalization connects providentially with the principles that govern the cooperative action. We consider that it is essential, from the perspective of sustainable development and cooperatives’social responsibility, to take into account in the tax regime applicable criteria that can be justified on constitutional principles, the general interest of society or internationalization economic activity. Also, there could be other positive effects in the area of Latin America, such as decreasing tax evasion and the formalization of at least a portion of the informal sector of the economy, including the real impulse to CSR.

Derecho PUCP. Núm. 72 (2014)

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