Facebook como plataforma principal de la estrategia comunicacional de las organizaciones ambientalistas. Caso: Acuerdo de Escazú
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2023-10-30
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación se centra en analizar la estrategia de comunicación que
implementaron las organizaciones juveniles ambientalistas en Facebook para impulsar
espacios de diálogo sobre el Acuerdo de Escazú en el Congreso de la República
durante el periodo de agosto a octubre de 2020. El Acuerdo de Escazú es un tratado
regional de América Latina y el Caribe que fortalece los derechos de acceso a la
información, participación ciudadana y acceso a la justicia en asuntos ambientales.
Además, es el primer tratado que garantiza un entorno propicio para la protección de
las personas defensoras ambientales. En el caso de Perú, la etapa de negociación del
tratado contó con amplia participación de representantes del Estado, las organizaciones
indígenas y la sociedad civil. Por tanto, la ministra del Ambiente firmó el tratado en
2018 y en 2019 ingresó al Congreso de la República el proyecto legislativo para la
ratificación del Acuerdo. A pesar del contexto político, los conflictos socioambientales y
el incremento de los asesinatos de personas defensoras de territorios, no se priorizó el
debate del tratado regional en nuestro país hasta mediados del 2020, en el marco de la
emergencia sanitaria por la COVID-19. En consecuencia, alrededor de 30
organizaciones juveniles ambientalistas decidieron realizar una estrategia de
comunicación en Facebook. Por ello, es trascendental analizar los mensajes emitidos
a través de esta red para conocer qué contenidos de la estrategia de comunicación
favorecieron y desfavorecieron la incidencia de la ratificación del tratado. La estrategia
comunicacional de las organizaciones juveniles ambientalistas en el caso del Acuerdo
de Escazú es un fenómeno comunicacional que debe analizarse bajo un enfoque
crítico, vinculado a diversos factores y relatado desde sus propias voces. A finales de
2020, la Comisión de Relaciones Exteriores debatió el Acuerdo de Escazú a través de
13 sesiones, las cuales terminaron por hacer que la decisión mayoritaria de la Comisión
fuera rechazar la ratificación del acuerdo y archivar el proyecto de resolución legislativa
presentado por el Poder Ejecutivo. No obstante, las organizaciones juveniles
ambientalistas fueron invitados a participar en una de las sesiones de la Comisión. Este
estudio permitirá resaltar el trabajo de las organizaciones juveniles como agentes de
transformación social, así como ser un referente comunicacional para otras iniciativas
en el futuro.
This investigation focuses on analyzing the communication strategy implemented by environmental youth organizations on Facebook to encourage spaces to discuss the Escazú Agreement in the Congress of the Republic between August and October 2020. The Escazú Agreement is a regional trade agreement in Latin America and the Caribbean which strengthens the rights of access to information, citizen participation and access to justice in environmental matters. It is also the first treaty that provides an appropriate environment for the protection of environmental defenders. In the case of Peru, the treaty negotiation stage included broad participation by representatives of the State, indigenous organizations and civil society. Therefore, the Minister of the Environment signed the treaty in 2018 and in 2019 the legislative project for the ratification of the Agreement entered the Congress of the Republic. Despite the political context, socio-environmental conflicts and the increase in murders of people defending territories, the debate of the regional treaty in our country was not prioritized until mid2020, in the framework of the health emergency due to COVID-19. Consequently, about 30 environmental youth organizations decided to carry out a communication strategy on Facebook. For this reason, it is important to analyze the messages sent through this network in order to know which contents of the communication strategy favored and disfavored the impact of the ratification of the treaty. The communication strategy of environmental youth organizations in the case of the Escazú Agreement is a communication phenomenon that should be analyzed under a critical approach, linked to various factors and told from their own voices. At the end of 2020, the Foreign Affairs Commission debated the Escazú Agreement through 13 sessions, which ended up making the majority decision of the Commission to reject the ratification of the agreement and to file the draft legislative resolution presented by the Executive Branch. Nevertheless, environmental youth organizations were invited to participate in one of the Commission's sessions. This study will allow highlighting the work of youth organizations as agents of social transformation, as well as being a communicational reference for other initiatives in the future.
This investigation focuses on analyzing the communication strategy implemented by environmental youth organizations on Facebook to encourage spaces to discuss the Escazú Agreement in the Congress of the Republic between August and October 2020. The Escazú Agreement is a regional trade agreement in Latin America and the Caribbean which strengthens the rights of access to information, citizen participation and access to justice in environmental matters. It is also the first treaty that provides an appropriate environment for the protection of environmental defenders. In the case of Peru, the treaty negotiation stage included broad participation by representatives of the State, indigenous organizations and civil society. Therefore, the Minister of the Environment signed the treaty in 2018 and in 2019 the legislative project for the ratification of the Agreement entered the Congress of the Republic. Despite the political context, socio-environmental conflicts and the increase in murders of people defending territories, the debate of the regional treaty in our country was not prioritized until mid2020, in the framework of the health emergency due to COVID-19. Consequently, about 30 environmental youth organizations decided to carry out a communication strategy on Facebook. For this reason, it is important to analyze the messages sent through this network in order to know which contents of the communication strategy favored and disfavored the impact of the ratification of the treaty. The communication strategy of environmental youth organizations in the case of the Escazú Agreement is a communication phenomenon that should be analyzed under a critical approach, linked to various factors and told from their own voices. At the end of 2020, the Foreign Affairs Commission debated the Escazú Agreement through 13 sessions, which ended up making the majority decision of the Commission to reject the ratification of the agreement and to file the draft legislative resolution presented by the Executive Branch. Nevertheless, environmental youth organizations were invited to participate in one of the Commission's sessions. This study will allow highlighting the work of youth organizations as agents of social transformation, as well as being a communicational reference for other initiatives in the future.
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Justicia ambiental--Perú, Comunicación--Aspectos ambientales--Perú, Jóvenes--Participación social, Facebook (Recurso electrónico)
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