Informe Jurídico sobre el Análisis de la sentencia de segunda instancia, contenida en la Resolución N° 30, del 4 de junio de 2019, emitida en el Expediente N° 028-2013, sobre Prescripción Adquisitiva de Dominio
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2024-08-01
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El presente informe buscará resolver, como incógnita principal, si fue adecuada la
justificación brindada por la Sala Superior, para sustentar su decisión de declarar
infundada la demanda de prescripción adquisitiva interpuesta en el caso estudiado.
Para estos efectos, este trabajo se sustentará en instrumentos normativos como la
legislación nacional, doctrina y jurisprudencia. Concretamente, las principales fuentes
que se emplearán se tratan del Código Civil, Código Procesal Civil, diversas sentencias
emitidas por la Corte Suprema y por el Tribunal Constitucional, doctrina, la Ley N°
29618, el Decreto Legislativo N° 1089, el Decreto Supremo N° 032-2008-VIVIENDA,
entre otros.
A lo largo de este informe, lo primero que advertiremos es que los errores en los que
incurrió la Sala Superior, al emitir la sentencia de vista analizada, guardan relación con
la indebida valoración de las constancias de posesión, que forman parte de las pruebas
ofrecidas al proceso; así como la insuficiente motivación desarrollada en la sentencia
expedida.
Verificaremos, además, que el poco desarrollo jurisprudencial que existe sobre la
materia en debate ha ejercido un rol importante en la formación de los criterios dispares
de valoración probatoria que se ha presentado en el caso analizado, tanto en primera
como en segunda instancia, respecto de las constancias de posesión ofrecidas como
prueba posesoria.
Finalmente, analizaremos también cómo es que el sentido del fallo expedido no solo se
ha limitado a afectar los derechos a la prueba y a la debida motivación de las
resoluciones judiciales del prescribiente, sino que ha trascendido al plano material,
generando que el demandante atraviese por la imposibilidad de recurrir a otras vías
previstas en nuestro ordenamiento jurídico para poder formalizar y regularizar el derecho
que ostentaría sobre el predio objeto de prescripción.
This report will seek to resolve, as the main question, whether the justification provided by the Upper Court was adequate to support its decision to declare unfounded the claim of acquisitive prescription filed in the case under study. For these purposes, this work will be based on normative instruments such as national legislation, doctrine and jurisprudence. Specifically, the main sources to be used are the Civil Code, the Code of Civil Procedure, various judgments issued by the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court, doctrine, Law No. 29618, Legislative Decree No. 1089, Supreme Decree No. 032-2008-VIVIENDA, among others. Throughout this report, the first thing we will notice is that the errors made by the Upper Court, when issuing the judgement analyzed, are related to the improper evaluation of the proofs of possession, which form part of the evidence offered in the process, as well as the insufficient reasoning developed in the judgement issued. We will also verify that the lack of jurisprudential development that exists on the matter under debate has played an important role in the formation of the disparate criteria of evidential evaluation that has been presented in the case analyzed, both in the first and second instance, regarding the proofs of possession offered as evidence of possession. Finally, we will also analyze how the meaning of the ruling issued has not only been limited to affecting the rights to proof and to the due motivation of the prescribing party's judicial decisions, but has also transcended to the material level, causing the plaintiff to find it impossible to resort to other means provided for in our legal system in order to formalize and regularize the right that he holds over the property that is the object of the claim.
This report will seek to resolve, as the main question, whether the justification provided by the Upper Court was adequate to support its decision to declare unfounded the claim of acquisitive prescription filed in the case under study. For these purposes, this work will be based on normative instruments such as national legislation, doctrine and jurisprudence. Specifically, the main sources to be used are the Civil Code, the Code of Civil Procedure, various judgments issued by the Supreme Court and the Constitutional Court, doctrine, Law No. 29618, Legislative Decree No. 1089, Supreme Decree No. 032-2008-VIVIENDA, among others. Throughout this report, the first thing we will notice is that the errors made by the Upper Court, when issuing the judgement analyzed, are related to the improper evaluation of the proofs of possession, which form part of the evidence offered in the process, as well as the insufficient reasoning developed in the judgement issued. We will also verify that the lack of jurisprudential development that exists on the matter under debate has played an important role in the formation of the disparate criteria of evidential evaluation that has been presented in the case analyzed, both in the first and second instance, regarding the proofs of possession offered as evidence of possession. Finally, we will also analyze how the meaning of the ruling issued has not only been limited to affecting the rights to proof and to the due motivation of the prescribing party's judicial decisions, but has also transcended to the material level, causing the plaintiff to find it impossible to resort to other means provided for in our legal system in order to formalize and regularize the right that he holds over the property that is the object of the claim.
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Prescripción adquisitiva--Jurisprudencia--Perú, Posesión (Derecho)--Perú, Prueba (Derecho)--Perú
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