Estudio de caso de un niño de 4 años 3 meses con dificultades en la forma y contenido del lenguaje
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Date
2022-06-21
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El lenguaje tiene una máxima importancia, puesto que es el instrumento que permite a los niños y niñas
satisfacer las necesidades básicas, para expresar pensamientos, sentimientos y emociones.
La expresión y la comunicación entre los seres humanos, es el vehículo principal para el establecimiento de
relaciones sociales, el desarrollo de la afectividad y aprender sobre el entorno que los rodea. Sin embargo, en
la actualidad encontramos niños que presentan muchas dificultades por diversos factores, impactando de
manera desfavorable en el ámbito familiar, escolar y social. Es por ello que el objetivo del estudio es abordar
el desarrollo de la comunicación y del lenguaje atendiendo los diferentes componentes del lenguaje desde la
perspectiva de la comprensión y de la expresión. Por lo expuesto se diseña un plan de valoración e intervención
que respondan a las necesidades y dificultades de un niño de 4 años 3 meses. Se utiliza en el estudio el modelo
híbrido. Los resultados del estudio reflejan logros en el componente Léxico Semántico, adquiriendo un
incremento del vocabulario comprensivo y expresivo, referido a las categorías programadas, progreso en
responder a preguntas con el encabezador “¿Qué hace?”, “¿para qué?”, mejoras en la expresión de oraciones
simples respetando la estructura “S+V+O”. Se llega a la conclusión que el niño presenta un gran avance
específicamente en los componentes léxico semántico y morfosintáctico.
Language is of utmost importance, since it is the instrument that allows children to satisfy basic needs, to express thoughts, feelings and emotions. The expression and communication between human beings is the main vehicle for the establishment of social relationships, the development of affectivity and learning about the environment that surrounds them. However, today we find children who present many difficulties due to various factors, unfavorably impacting the family, school and social environment. That is why the objective of the study is to address the development of communication and language, attending to the different components of language from the perspective of comprehension and expression. For these reasons, an assessment and intervention plan is designed to respond to the needs and difficulties of a 4-year-old 3-month-old child. The hybrid model is used in the study. The results of the study reflect achievements in the Semantic Lexicon component, acquiring an increase in comprehensive and expressive vocabulary, referring to the programmed categories, progress in answering questions with the header "What do you do?", "What for?", improvements in the expression of simple sentences respecting the structure “S+V+O”. It is concluded that the child presents a great advance specifically in the semantic and morphosyntactic lexical components.
Language is of utmost importance, since it is the instrument that allows children to satisfy basic needs, to express thoughts, feelings and emotions. The expression and communication between human beings is the main vehicle for the establishment of social relationships, the development of affectivity and learning about the environment that surrounds them. However, today we find children who present many difficulties due to various factors, unfavorably impacting the family, school and social environment. That is why the objective of the study is to address the development of communication and language, attending to the different components of language from the perspective of comprehension and expression. For these reasons, an assessment and intervention plan is designed to respond to the needs and difficulties of a 4-year-old 3-month-old child. The hybrid model is used in the study. The results of the study reflect achievements in the Semantic Lexicon component, acquiring an increase in comprehensive and expressive vocabulary, referring to the programmed categories, progress in answering questions with the header "What do you do?", "What for?", improvements in the expression of simple sentences respecting the structure “S+V+O”. It is concluded that the child presents a great advance specifically in the semantic and morphosyntactic lexical components.
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Keywords
Niños--Lenguaje--Estudio de casos, Trastornos del aprendizaje (Educación)--Estudio de casos, Trastornos del habla en niños--Estudio de casos