Factores que afectan las decisiones de los docentes sobre las estrategias didácticas que utilizan para enseñar inglés en un Instituto de Lima Norte
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Date
2024-08-12
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación se sitúa en el marco de los desafíos y oportunidades
que presenta la globalización para la enseñanza del idioma inglés,
especialmente en contextos educativos específicos como el de un instituto en
Lima Norte, Perú.
El estudio tiene como objetivo general analizar los factores que afectan las
decisiones de los docentes cuando seleccionan y utilizan las estrategias
didácticas para la enseñanza del inglés de nivel intermedio alto de un instituto de
inglés de Lima Norte. A través de un enfoque cualitativo, que incluye entrevistas
semi-estructuradas, focus groups y análisis de documentos, se describen las
estrategias didácticas empleadas por los docentes en este nivel desde las
opiniones de los estudiantes y desde las voces de los mismos docentes, y se
reconocen los factores que afectan las decisiones de los docentes sobre el uso
de las estrategias didácticas que emplean.
Los resultados de la investigación muestran que la selección de estrategias
didácticas por parte de los docentes está influenciada por una variedad de
factores, incluyendo las preferencias de los estudiantes, las experiencias y
formaciones de los docentes, las restricciones relacionadas al tiempo de clase,
y los recursos disponibles. Se observó una preferencia de los estudiantes por el
trabajo en grupo en contraste con un mayor énfasis en el trabajo en parejas por
parte de los docentes, destacando la importancia de la alineación entre las
estrategias didácticas y las preferencias de los aprendices. Además, se identificó
una desconexión entre los recursos didácticos sugeridos por la institución y
aquellos efectivamente utilizados por los docentes.
Este trabajo contribuye al campo de la enseñanza del inglés como segunda
lengua al proporcionar una comprensión detallada de cómo los factores
contextuales, institucionales y personales afectan la enseñanza del inglés y al
ofrecer recomendaciones concretas para mejorar la práctica docente y los
programas de capacitación en este ámbito. Las implicaciones de este estudio
enfatizan la necesidad de una mayor flexibilidad en los planes de estudio y un
desarrollo profesional continúo adaptado a las realidades del aula.
This research is situated within the framework of the challenges and opportunities that globalization presents for the teaching of the English language, especially in specific educational contexts such as an institute in North Lima, Peru. The main objective of the study is to analyze the factors that affect teachers' decisions when selecting and using didactic strategies for teaching highintermediate level English at an English institute in North Lima. Through a qualitative approach, which includes semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and document analysis, the didactic strategies used by teachers at this level are described from the students' perspectives and the teachers' own voices, recognizing the factors that influence teachers' decisions regarding the use of these didactic strategies. The results of the investigation show that the selection of didactic strategies by teachers is influenced by a variety of factors, including student preferences, teacher experiences and training, and constraints related to class time and available resources. A preference for group work was observed among students in contrast to a greater emphasis on pair work by teachers, highlighting the importance of alignment between didactic strategies and learners' preferences. In addition, a disconnection was identified between the didactic resources suggested by the institution and those effectively used by teachers. This work contributes to the field of English as a second language teaching by providing a detailed understanding of how contextual, institutional, and personal factors affect English teaching and by offering concrete recommendations for improving teaching practice and training programs in this area. The implications of this study emphasize the need for greater flexibility in curricula and ongoing professional development adapted to classroom realities.
This research is situated within the framework of the challenges and opportunities that globalization presents for the teaching of the English language, especially in specific educational contexts such as an institute in North Lima, Peru. The main objective of the study is to analyze the factors that affect teachers' decisions when selecting and using didactic strategies for teaching highintermediate level English at an English institute in North Lima. Through a qualitative approach, which includes semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and document analysis, the didactic strategies used by teachers at this level are described from the students' perspectives and the teachers' own voices, recognizing the factors that influence teachers' decisions regarding the use of these didactic strategies. The results of the investigation show that the selection of didactic strategies by teachers is influenced by a variety of factors, including student preferences, teacher experiences and training, and constraints related to class time and available resources. A preference for group work was observed among students in contrast to a greater emphasis on pair work by teachers, highlighting the importance of alignment between didactic strategies and learners' preferences. In addition, a disconnection was identified between the didactic resources suggested by the institution and those effectively used by teachers. This work contributes to the field of English as a second language teaching by providing a detailed understanding of how contextual, institutional, and personal factors affect English teaching and by offering concrete recommendations for improving teaching practice and training programs in this area. The implications of this study emphasize the need for greater flexibility in curricula and ongoing professional development adapted to classroom realities.
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Enseñanza--Metodología, Formación profesional de maestros, Personal docente--Capacitación
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