Criterios objetivos para determinar en qué supuestos el órgano de segundo grado cumple el fin rescindente o revocatorio de la impugnación, cuando el a quo no valora un medio probatorio
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2021-09-28
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Cuando los Jueces emiten pronunciamiento de fondo lo hacen realizando la valoración
conjunta de los medios probatorios admitidos y actuados, pero puede suceder que se omita
la valoración de un medio probatorio, pese a ello se emite una decisión. La parte afectada
impugna la resolución alegando el error in iudicando por existir una deficiente valoración
de la prueba; entonces, el a quem tiene la difícil decisión de valorar la prueba omitida al
momento de examinar el caso o no hacerla, dependiendo de lo que se opte, la decisión
será revocatoria o rescisoria, aspecto que genera en nuestros días una incertidumbre
porque no existen criterios objetivos para saber cual será el proceder del órgano de
segunda instancia. Es por ello, que la investigación tiene por objetivo es determinar en
qué supuestos el órgano de segundo grado cumple el fin rescisorio o revocatorio de la
impugnación, cuando el a quo no valora un medio probatorio. Para el desarrollo del
presente trabajo se ha utilizado el método de análisis y síntesis, para interpretar y analizar
de la doctrina (nacional y extranjera), normativa y casuística que se ha encontrado sobre
la teoría impugnatoria (los fines de la impugnación y pluralidad de instancias), la
valoración de la prueba y motivación de resoluciones judiciales. A fin de poder establecer
nuestras propias consideraciones y alcances sobre el particular. Uno de ellos es, que en el
caso que el Superior opte por valorar el medio probatorio omitido por el a quo, y este es
relevante para determinar la existencia o inexistencia de los hechos afirmados o esclarecer
un hecho controvertido, por ende, fundamental para revocar la sentencia, esta decisión
vulnera la garantía de la pluralidad de instancias.
When the Judges issue a ruling on the merits, they do so by jointly evaluating the evidence admitted and acted upon, but it may happen that the assessment of an evidence is omitted, despite this, a decision is issued. The affected party challenges the resolution, alleging the error, alleging that there is a deficient assessment of the evidence; then, the a quem has the difficult decision of evaluating the omitted test at the time of examining the case or not doing it, depending on what is chosen, the decision will be revocation or rescission, an aspect that generates uncertainty in our days because there are no criteria objectives to know what will be the procedure of the second instance body. That is why the objective of the investigation is to determine in which cases the second-degree body fulfills the termination or revocation purpose of the challenge. For the development of this work, the method of analysis and synthesis has been used, to carry out an interpretation and analysis of the doctrine (national and foreign), normative and casuistry that has been found on the challenge theory (the purposes of the challenge and plurality of instances), the evaluation of the evidence and motivation of judicial decisions. In order to be able to establish our own considerations and scope on the matter. One of them is that in the event that the Superior chooses to assess the evidence omitted by the a quo, and this is relevant to determine the existence or non-existence of the facts asserted or clarify a controversial fact, therefore, essential to revoke the sentence, this decision violates the guarantee of the plurality of instances.
When the Judges issue a ruling on the merits, they do so by jointly evaluating the evidence admitted and acted upon, but it may happen that the assessment of an evidence is omitted, despite this, a decision is issued. The affected party challenges the resolution, alleging the error, alleging that there is a deficient assessment of the evidence; then, the a quem has the difficult decision of evaluating the omitted test at the time of examining the case or not doing it, depending on what is chosen, the decision will be revocation or rescission, an aspect that generates uncertainty in our days because there are no criteria objectives to know what will be the procedure of the second instance body. That is why the objective of the investigation is to determine in which cases the second-degree body fulfills the termination or revocation purpose of the challenge. For the development of this work, the method of analysis and synthesis has been used, to carry out an interpretation and analysis of the doctrine (national and foreign), normative and casuistry that has been found on the challenge theory (the purposes of the challenge and plurality of instances), the evaluation of the evidence and motivation of judicial decisions. In order to be able to establish our own considerations and scope on the matter. One of them is that in the event that the Superior chooses to assess the evidence omitted by the a quo, and this is relevant to determine the existence or non-existence of the facts asserted or clarify a controversial fact, therefore, essential to revoke the sentence, this decision violates the guarantee of the plurality of instances.
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Prueba (Derecho), Impugnación--Legislación, Procedimiento civil--Perú
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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