Análisis de impacto regulatorio de la ley que garantiza la velocidad mínima de conexión a internet y monitoreo de la prestación del servicio de internet a favor de los usuarios, Ley N° 31207
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2024-01-19
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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En marzo 2021, se emitió la Ley Nº 31207 “Ley que garantiza la velocidad
mínima de conexión a internet y monitoreo de la prestación del servicio de
internet a favor de los usuarios”, mediante la cual se incrementó del 40% al 70%
la velocidad mínima de internet a ser garantizada por las empresas proveedoras
del servicio, a pesar de que durante el trámite de elaboración y emisión de la
misma, el Congreso de la República obtuvo opiniones vertidas por distintas
instituciones públicas y privadas que revelan que dicha medida regulatoria no
resulta la más idónea, sobre todo, porque su Exposición de Motivos no revela
las razones técnicas que lo respalden.
En ese sentido, el presente trabajo de investigación se circunscribió a la
realización de un Análisis de Impacto Regulatorio Ex Ante a la Ley n.o 31207, de
acuerdo a la metodología vigente que fuera aprobada por la Presidencia del
Consejo de Ministros (PCM), a fin de identificar, sobre la base de los seis
componentes definidos en la referida metodología, el problema público
presentado en el contexto 2020-2021 en cuanto a la velocidad de navegación
del servicio de acceso a internet (fijo y móvil), las posibles causas que lo originan,
y la elección de la alternativa regulatoria que de manera idónea atienda al
problema público identificado, la cual sea resultante del análisis de un abanico
de alternativas.
Del análisis realizado se evidenció que en el referido contexto se presentó un
mayor uso de las TIC en distintos ámbitos, propiciado por los cambios en los
hábitos de la ciudadanía a raíz del aislamiento social obligatorio dispuesto por el
Estado, en el marco del estado de emergencia nacional. A su vez, las Encuestas
de Satisfacción realizadas por el Osiptel en dicho periodo, revelan la
insatisfacción de la ciudadanía en cuanto a la velocidad de navegación durante
el uso de plataformas y videos streaming cuya demanda se va incrementando a
través de los años. Entre las causas identificadas, se tienen: (i) brecha de
infraestructura de telecomunicaciones, (ii) reducida penetración de la fibra óptica
para el desarrollo de la banda ancha, (iii) barreras burocráticas por los Gobiernos
Locales, (iv) necesidad de fortalecimiento de la capacidad fiscalizadora del
Regulador, y (v) ausencia de evaluación ex post de las normas sectoriales. Del análisis de alternativas, se concluyó que los usuarios del servicio de acceso
a internet podrán evidenciar una mejora en la prestación de servicio,
manteniendo el porcentaje de velocidad mínima garantizada en un 40% tal como
lo establecía el Reglamento de Calidad de los servicios públicos de
telecomunicaciones aprobado por el Osiptel y que se encontraba vigente con
anterioridad a la citada ley. No obstante, se recomienda que dicha medida
regulatoria se encuentre acompañado de mecanismos adicionales, como es la
publicación del indicador “Cumplimiento de Velocidad Mínima” obtenido el
Regulador por cada empresa operadora que brinda el servicio, en aras de
fomentar una competencia por calidad. Del mismo modo, se recomienda como
otra medida la aplicación de compromisos de mejora en aras de incentivar la
mejora de la calidad del servicio, y teniendo en cuenta los buenos resultados
obtenidos de su aplicación sobre los indicadores aplicables al servicio de
telefonía móvil Calidad de Voz (CV), Tiempo de Entrega de Mensajes de Texto
(TEMT) y Calidad de Cobertura de Servicio (CCS)
Adicionalmente a ello, se realizó un benchmarking internacional a fin de conocer
las medidas adoptadas por veintidós (22) países que abarcan América Norte,
América Central, América del Sur y Europa, de cuyo análisis se identificó que los
países que registran velocidades de subida y de bajada significativamente
superiores a la muestra de países analizados, han desarrollado políticas
tendientes al despliegue de infraestructura de banda ancha, habiendo cubierto
un porcentaje significativo de su territorio nacional, lo que consecuentemente,
confirma que dichas políticas contribuyen y en gran medida a la mejora de la
velocidad de internet. En ese sentido, se recomienda que la alternativa
regulatoria, que se encuentra dentro se las funciones y competencias del
Regulador, sea complementada con otras medidas interinstitucionales y
multisectoriales debidamente articuladas que propicien entre otros aspectos, las
inversiones en infraestructura de telecomunicaciones.
In March 2021, Law No. 31207 "Law that guarantees the minimum speed of Internet connection and monitoring of the provision of Internet service in favor of users" was issued, through which the speed was increased from 40% to 70%. minimum internet access to be guaranteed by the companies providing the service, despite the fact that during the process of preparing and issuing it, the Congress of the Republic obtained opinions expressed by different public and private institutions that reveal that said regulatory measure is not the most appropriate, above all, because its Statement of Reasons does not reveal the technical reasons that support it. In this sense, this research work was limited to carrying out an Ex Ante Regulatory Impact Analysis of Law No. 31207, according to the current methodology that was approved by the Presidency of the Council of Ministers (PCM), in order to identify, based on the six components defined in the aforementioned methodology, the public problem presented in the 2020-2021 context, regarding the speed of browsing the Internet access service (fixed and mobile), the possible causes that originate it, and the choice of the regulatory alternative that ideally addresses the public problem identified, which is the result of the analysis of a range of alternatives. From the analysis carried out, it was evidenced that in the aforementioned context there was a greater use of ICT in different areas, fostered by changes in the habits of citizens as a result of the mandatory social isolation ordered by the State, within the framework of the state of emergency. national. In turn, the Satisfaction Surveys carried out by Osiptel in said period reveal the dissatisfaction of citizens regarding the speed of browsing while using platforms and streaming videos whose demand has increased over the years. Among the causes identified are: (i) telecommunications infrastructure gap, (ii) reduced penetration of fiber optics for the development of broadband, (iii) bureaucratic barriers by Local Governments, (iv) need to strengthen of the supervisory capacity of the Regulator, and (v) absence of ex post evaluation of sector regulations. As a result of the analysis of alternatives, it was concluded that the users of the Internet access service will be able to show an improvement in the provision of service, maintaining the percentage of minimum guaranteed speed at 40% as established by the Quality Regulation of services. public telecommunications approved by Osiptel and that was in force prior to the aforementioned law. However, it was identified that said regulatory measure must be accompanied by additional mechanisms, such as the publication of the "Minimum Speed Compliance" indicator obtained by the Regulator for each operating company that provides the service, in order to promote competition for quality. In the same way, it is recommended as another measure the application of improvement commitments in order to encourage the improvement of the quality of the service, and taking into account the good results obtained from its application on the indicators applicable to the mobile telephony service Voice Quality (CV), Text Message Delivery Time (TEMT) and Quality of Service Coverage (CCS) In addition to this, an international benchmarking was carried out in order to know the measures adopted by twenty-two (22) countries that cover North America, Central America, South America and Europe, from whose analysis it was identified that the countries that register upload speeds and significantly higher than the sample of countries analyzed, have developed policies tending to the deployment of broadband infrastructure, having covered a significant percentage of their national territory, which consequently confirms that said policies contribute to a great extent to the improvement of internet speed. In this sense, it is recommended that the regulatory alternative, which is found within the functions and powers of the Regulator, be complemented with other duly articulated inter-institutional and multi-sectoral measures that promote, among other aspects, investments in telecommunications infrastructure.
In March 2021, Law No. 31207 "Law that guarantees the minimum speed of Internet connection and monitoring of the provision of Internet service in favor of users" was issued, through which the speed was increased from 40% to 70%. minimum internet access to be guaranteed by the companies providing the service, despite the fact that during the process of preparing and issuing it, the Congress of the Republic obtained opinions expressed by different public and private institutions that reveal that said regulatory measure is not the most appropriate, above all, because its Statement of Reasons does not reveal the technical reasons that support it. In this sense, this research work was limited to carrying out an Ex Ante Regulatory Impact Analysis of Law No. 31207, according to the current methodology that was approved by the Presidency of the Council of Ministers (PCM), in order to identify, based on the six components defined in the aforementioned methodology, the public problem presented in the 2020-2021 context, regarding the speed of browsing the Internet access service (fixed and mobile), the possible causes that originate it, and the choice of the regulatory alternative that ideally addresses the public problem identified, which is the result of the analysis of a range of alternatives. From the analysis carried out, it was evidenced that in the aforementioned context there was a greater use of ICT in different areas, fostered by changes in the habits of citizens as a result of the mandatory social isolation ordered by the State, within the framework of the state of emergency. national. In turn, the Satisfaction Surveys carried out by Osiptel in said period reveal the dissatisfaction of citizens regarding the speed of browsing while using platforms and streaming videos whose demand has increased over the years. Among the causes identified are: (i) telecommunications infrastructure gap, (ii) reduced penetration of fiber optics for the development of broadband, (iii) bureaucratic barriers by Local Governments, (iv) need to strengthen of the supervisory capacity of the Regulator, and (v) absence of ex post evaluation of sector regulations. As a result of the analysis of alternatives, it was concluded that the users of the Internet access service will be able to show an improvement in the provision of service, maintaining the percentage of minimum guaranteed speed at 40% as established by the Quality Regulation of services. public telecommunications approved by Osiptel and that was in force prior to the aforementioned law. However, it was identified that said regulatory measure must be accompanied by additional mechanisms, such as the publication of the "Minimum Speed Compliance" indicator obtained by the Regulator for each operating company that provides the service, in order to promote competition for quality. In the same way, it is recommended as another measure the application of improvement commitments in order to encourage the improvement of the quality of the service, and taking into account the good results obtained from its application on the indicators applicable to the mobile telephony service Voice Quality (CV), Text Message Delivery Time (TEMT) and Quality of Service Coverage (CCS) In addition to this, an international benchmarking was carried out in order to know the measures adopted by twenty-two (22) countries that cover North America, Central America, South America and Europe, from whose analysis it was identified that the countries that register upload speeds and significantly higher than the sample of countries analyzed, have developed policies tending to the deployment of broadband infrastructure, having covered a significant percentage of their national territory, which consequently confirms that said policies contribute to a great extent to the improvement of internet speed. In this sense, it is recommended that the regulatory alternative, which is found within the functions and powers of the Regulator, be complemented with other duly articulated inter-institutional and multi-sectoral measures that promote, among other aspects, investments in telecommunications infrastructure.
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Perú. Congreso, Internet--Legislación--Perú, Derecho administrativo--Perú
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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