Factores de decisión de capitales de riesgo en proyectos de inversión
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2018-08-13
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Los inversionistas de capital de riesgos son individuos que tienen fondos financieros para
invertir, en busca de altos rendimientos, con el fin de generar nuevas empresas o apoyar el
crecimiento de las mismas. Los factores de decisión de las inversiones de capital de riesgo
que se han estudiado en la literatura se enmarcan en los problemas de la teoría de la
agencia que se presentan por la falta de información. El propósito de la investigación tiene
como objetivo determinar la contribución de los factores potencial financiero, capital
humano específico, disposición estratégica para el financiamiento y pasión, en la
interrelación de las decisiones que toman los inversionistas de capital de riesgos en
economías emergentes al momento de emprender un proyecto de inversión o en el
crecimiento de una empresa, identificando posibles grupos de inversionistas según el
proceso de decisión.
La propuesta de investigación se fundamentó en el método deductivo bajo un esquema
epistemológico positivista con un enfoque cuantitativo y para la comprobación de las
hipótesis se utilizó la técnica de análisis de conjunto. La información que se obtuvo fue de
corte transversal, obtenida a través de una encuesta estructurada con preguntas previamente
construidas y validadas. Para la elaboración de los perfiles del cuestionario se empleó el
diseño factorial fraccionado para facilitar la interrelación entre los factores estudiados.
La muestra corresponde a 50 inversionistas de capital de riesgos, con un margen de error
del ± 11%, que cumplen con las características de la población y han realizado inversiones
de más de US $200,000.00 en los últimos 12 meses. El proceso y análisis de información
se lo realizó en el software SPSS 24, se aplicó la sintaxis de la técnica de análisis de
conjunto.
Se comprobó que los factores potencial financiero, capital humano específico, disposición
estratégica para el financiamiento y pasión; explican el comportamiento de las decisiones
que toman los inversionistas de capital de riesgo en los proyectos de emprendimiento y
crecimiento de las empresas, siendo estos los factores claves en la elección de las
diferentes alternativas que evalúan considerando ser decisiones satisfactorias. También se
pudo identificar dos grupos de inversionistas de capital de riesgo en cada una de las etapas
de inversión
Venture capitalists are investors that provide capital to startups or small companies to achieve high returns on their capital by generating new companies or support their growth. In accordance with scientific literature, the decision-making-process of venture capitalists can be explained by the agency theory. The purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of potential financial factors, such as, specific human capital, strategic specifications for funding and passion. This research investigates, moreover, the interrelation between decisions that venture capitalists make in emerging economies while the investment project is carried out or during the expansion stage of a company to identify adequate groups of investors in accordance with the decision process. The research proposal was based on the deductive method under a positivist epistemological scheme with a quantitative approach. For the verification of the hypotheses joint analysis techniques were applied. Cross-sectional data were obtained through a structured survey with questions that were constructed and validated in advance. For the elaboration of the questionnaire profiles a fractional factorial design was applied to facilitate the interrelation between the studied factors. The sample includes 50 venture capitalists with a margin of error of ± 11% that meet the characteristics of the population. The observations have invested more than US $ 200,000.00 in the last 12 months. The process of analysis was performed by the software SPSS 24. The syntax was applied to the technique of set analysis. In accordance with the agency theory, the conducted research shows evidence that the potential financial factors, i.e. specific human capital, strategic specifications for funding and passion explain the behavior of the decisions made by venture capitalists in start-up and expansion projects. These factors were the keystone to draw a distinction to alternative studies in order to overcome the conflicts and problems of information asymmetry. Additionally, it is possible to identify adequate groups of venture capitalists for each investment stages.
Venture capitalists are investors that provide capital to startups or small companies to achieve high returns on their capital by generating new companies or support their growth. In accordance with scientific literature, the decision-making-process of venture capitalists can be explained by the agency theory. The purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of potential financial factors, such as, specific human capital, strategic specifications for funding and passion. This research investigates, moreover, the interrelation between decisions that venture capitalists make in emerging economies while the investment project is carried out or during the expansion stage of a company to identify adequate groups of investors in accordance with the decision process. The research proposal was based on the deductive method under a positivist epistemological scheme with a quantitative approach. For the verification of the hypotheses joint analysis techniques were applied. Cross-sectional data were obtained through a structured survey with questions that were constructed and validated in advance. For the elaboration of the questionnaire profiles a fractional factorial design was applied to facilitate the interrelation between the studied factors. The sample includes 50 venture capitalists with a margin of error of ± 11% that meet the characteristics of the population. The observations have invested more than US $ 200,000.00 in the last 12 months. The process of analysis was performed by the software SPSS 24. The syntax was applied to the technique of set analysis. In accordance with the agency theory, the conducted research shows evidence that the potential financial factors, i.e. specific human capital, strategic specifications for funding and passion explain the behavior of the decisions made by venture capitalists in start-up and expansion projects. These factors were the keystone to draw a distinction to alternative studies in order to overcome the conflicts and problems of information asymmetry. Additionally, it is possible to identify adequate groups of venture capitalists for each investment stages.
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Capital de riesgo, Inversiones, Finanzas, Investigación cuantitativa
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