Relación entre ansiedad y autoestima con la comprensión lectora en estudiantes de 1° a 3° de nivel secundaria de una institución educativa pública del distrito de San Juan de Miraflores
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Date
2024-10-16
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar si existe una relación estadísticamente
significativa entre la ansiedad y la autoestima con la comprensión lectora. Este estudio se
desarrolló bajo un enfoque cuantitativo y fue de tipo correlacional, con un diseño transeccional.
La muestra estuvo conformada por 131 estudiantes (67 mujeres y 66 hombres) de 1ro a 3ro de
secundaria, de un colegio público del distrito de San Juan de Miraflores. Los participantes fueron
evaluados con la Prueba de Competencia Lectora para Educación Secundaria (CompLEC) de
Llorens, Gil, Vidal-Abarca, Martínez, Maña y Gilabert (2011), la Escala de ansiedad manifiesta
en niños (revisada) CMAS-R de Reynolds y Richmond (2007) y, por último, el Inventario de
Autoestima de Coopersmith - formato escolar (1967). Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que
existe una relación significativa, negativa y media, entre la ansiedad con la comprensión lectora
(rho = -0,175; p = 0,023), al igual que entre sus dimensiones a excepción de
Inquietudes/Hipersensibilidad que no evidencia una correlación significativa. En cuanto a la
autoestima con la comprensión lectora hay una relación positiva, media y estadísticamente
significativa (rho = 0,241; p = 0,003), sus dimensiones también obtienen el mismo resultado
menos la de Social Pares la cual no muestra relación significativa. Por último, se encontraron
diferencias significativas respecto a las variables de ansiedad (U = 1202,500; p = 0,000) y
autoestima (U = 1315,000; p = 0,000) en función del sexo. En cuanto a la comparación de la
variable comprensión lectora, según la variable sexo, no se hallaron diferencias significativas (U
= 1812,000; p = ,124).
The objective of this research was to determine whether there is a statistically significant relationship between anxiety and self-esteem and reading comprehension. This study was developed under a quantitative approach and was of a correlational type, with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 131 students (67 females and 66 males) from 1st to 3rd year of high school, from a public school in the district of San Juan de Miraflores. The participants were evaluated with the Reading Proficiency Test for Secondary Education (CompLEC) by Llorens, Gil, Vidal-Abarca, Martínez, Maña and Gilabert (2011), the Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (revised) CMAS-R by Reynolds and Richmond (2007) and, finally, the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory - school format (1967). The results obtained show that there is a significant, negative and average relationship between anxiety and reading comprehension (rho = -0.175; p = 0.023), as well as between its dimensions, with the exception of Restlessness/Hypersensitivity, which does not show a significant correlation. As for self-esteem with reading comprehension, there is a positive, average and statistically significant relationship (rho = 0.241; p = 0.003), its dimensions also obtain the same result except for Social Peers, which does not show a significant relationship. Finally, significant evidence was found at the sex level with respect to the variables of anxiety (U = 1202.500; p = 0.000) and self-esteem (U = 1315.000; p = 0.000) with reading comprehension. As for the comparison of the reading comprehension variable, according to sex, no significant relationship was found (U = 1812,000; p = 0.124).
The objective of this research was to determine whether there is a statistically significant relationship between anxiety and self-esteem and reading comprehension. This study was developed under a quantitative approach and was of a correlational type, with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 131 students (67 females and 66 males) from 1st to 3rd year of high school, from a public school in the district of San Juan de Miraflores. The participants were evaluated with the Reading Proficiency Test for Secondary Education (CompLEC) by Llorens, Gil, Vidal-Abarca, Martínez, Maña and Gilabert (2011), the Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (revised) CMAS-R by Reynolds and Richmond (2007) and, finally, the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory - school format (1967). The results obtained show that there is a significant, negative and average relationship between anxiety and reading comprehension (rho = -0.175; p = 0.023), as well as between its dimensions, with the exception of Restlessness/Hypersensitivity, which does not show a significant correlation. As for self-esteem with reading comprehension, there is a positive, average and statistically significant relationship (rho = 0.241; p = 0.003), its dimensions also obtain the same result except for Social Peers, which does not show a significant relationship. Finally, significant evidence was found at the sex level with respect to the variables of anxiety (U = 1202.500; p = 0.000) and self-esteem (U = 1315.000; p = 0.000) with reading comprehension. As for the comparison of the reading comprehension variable, according to sex, no significant relationship was found (U = 1812,000; p = 0.124).
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Keywords
Autoestima, Ansiedad en la adolescencia (Psicología), Comprensión de lectura--Estudio y enseñanza (Secundaria), Lectura--Dificultades
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