Informe jurídico sobre la Resolución N°285-2015-TC-S4 emitida por la Cuarta Sala del Tribunal de Contrataciones del Estado
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2024-04-25
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Determinar la responsabilidad administrativa y la competencia del órgano que
tiene la facultad de sancionar, con arreglo al ordenamiento jurídico, son
problemas jurídicos de permanente análisis. En el presente informe se ha
planteado dichos problemas, sobre los cuales se ha realizado reflexiones en
torno a la importancia de una cuidosa actividad probatoria de quien ostenta la
potestad de declarar dicha responsabilidad, debiendo ser su finalidad, sancionar
a quien realizó la conducta atribuida. Sin embargo, también ha sido una
oportunidad para revisar las disposiciones contenidas en el contrato –cuya
resolución fue imputada al consorcio- y cuestionar tanto el instrumento como la
potestad que tiene la entidad de disolver el vínculo contractual.
En relación a los instrumentos normativos empleados, nuestras fuentes son la
constitución política, la Ley N°274441, en adelante, LPAG y sus modificatorias,
recopiladas en su texto único ordenado –en adelante, TUO LPAG-. En relación
a las fuentes normativas en contrataciones públicas, está la Ley de
Contrataciones del Estado –en adelante, LCE- y su reglamento, incluyendo sus
modificatorias, en lo concerniente al procedimiento para sancionar –en adelante,
PAS-, consorcios y la prescripción. Asimismo, se ha complementado el análisis
en relación a sentencias emitidas por el Tribunal Constitucional –en adelante,
TC- y resoluciones del Tribunal de Contrataciones del Estado –en adelante, TCE,
entre otras fuentes como Opiniones emitidas por la Dirección Técnico Normativa
del OSCE -en adelante, DTN-.
Las conclusiones podemos resumirlas en la importancia de establecer la
responsabilidad en quien haya realizado la conducta infractora, con adhesión a
una actividad probatoria pulcra y al ordenamiento jurídico, privilegiando nuestra
carta magna. Asimismo, respecto de la prescripción administrativa, esta debe
actuarse siempre de oficio y no necesariamente a petición del administrado como
medio de defensa, ya que, lo que se analiza es la competencia del órgano
administrativo para conocer y resolver la materia. Respecto de la actuación de la entidad contratante, ésta debe vincularse al respeto del ordenamiento jurídico,
por lo que, las obligaciones que establezca en los instrumentos de la contratación
no pueden contravenir dicho ordenamiento.
Determining administrative responsibility and the competence of the body empowered to sanction, in accordance with the legal system, are legal issues subject to ongoing analysis. This report has raised these issues, reflecting on the importance of careful evidentiary activity by those who hold the power to declare such responsibility, with the aim of penalizing the individual who engaged in the attributed conduct. However, it has also provided an opportunity to review the provisions contained in the contract –whose resolution was attributed to the consortium– and question both the instrument and the authority of the entity to dissolve the contractual relationship. In relation to the normative instruments used, our sources are the Political Constitution, Law No. 27444, hereinafter referred to as the LPAG and its amendments, compiled in its Single Consolidated Text – hereinafter referred to as the TUO LPAG. Regarding normative sources in public procurement, there is the State Contracting Law – hereinafter referred to as the LCE – and its regulations, including amendments, concerning the procedure for sanctions – hereinafter referred to as PAS – consortiums, and prescription. Likewise, the analysis has been complemented by rulings issued by the Constitutional Court – hereinafter referred to as the TC – and the State Contracting Tribunal – hereinafter referred to as the TCE – among other sources. The conclusions can be summarized as establishing responsibility on the part of whoever has engaged in the infringing conduct, adhering to careful evidentiary activity and the legal framework, starting with our Constitution. Likewise, concerning administrative prescription, this must always be acted upon ex officio and not necessarily at the request of the administrator as a means of defense, as what is analyzed is the competence of the administrative body to hear and resolve the matter. Regarding the actions of the contracting entity, these must be linked to respect for the legal framework.
Determining administrative responsibility and the competence of the body empowered to sanction, in accordance with the legal system, are legal issues subject to ongoing analysis. This report has raised these issues, reflecting on the importance of careful evidentiary activity by those who hold the power to declare such responsibility, with the aim of penalizing the individual who engaged in the attributed conduct. However, it has also provided an opportunity to review the provisions contained in the contract –whose resolution was attributed to the consortium– and question both the instrument and the authority of the entity to dissolve the contractual relationship. In relation to the normative instruments used, our sources are the Political Constitution, Law No. 27444, hereinafter referred to as the LPAG and its amendments, compiled in its Single Consolidated Text – hereinafter referred to as the TUO LPAG. Regarding normative sources in public procurement, there is the State Contracting Law – hereinafter referred to as the LCE – and its regulations, including amendments, concerning the procedure for sanctions – hereinafter referred to as PAS – consortiums, and prescription. Likewise, the analysis has been complemented by rulings issued by the Constitutional Court – hereinafter referred to as the TC – and the State Contracting Tribunal – hereinafter referred to as the TCE – among other sources. The conclusions can be summarized as establishing responsibility on the part of whoever has engaged in the infringing conduct, adhering to careful evidentiary activity and the legal framework, starting with our Constitution. Likewise, concerning administrative prescription, this must always be acted upon ex officio and not necessarily at the request of the administrator as a means of defense, as what is analyzed is the competence of the administrative body to hear and resolve the matter. Regarding the actions of the contracting entity, these must be linked to respect for the legal framework.
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Contratos administrativos--Perú, Procedimiento administrativo--Perú, Sanciones administrativas--Perú
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