Análisis del impacto de la COVID-19 en la liquidez y solvencia en las empresas del sector hotelero supervisadas por la SMV en el periodo 2020
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2022-01-11
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El objetivo de la presente Tesis es analizar el impacto que ha tenido la COVID-19
en la liquidez y solvencia en las empresas del sector hotelero supervisadas por la
SMV. Para ello, se hizo uso del análisis porcentual, con el fin de estudiar la
representación de distintos elementos de los estados financieros; y del análisis
mediante ratios de liquidez y solvencia para evaluar relaciones entre partidas y
tener un razonamiento global de dichos aspectos en la muestra seleccionada. De
igual forma, se utiliza el análisis financiero seccional, para poder comparar a una
empresa del sector mencionado contra sí misma en diferentes periodos y con otras
de estándares semejantes, logrando así identificar fortalezas y debilidades en la
organización. Esta investigación es de suma importancia, debido a la gran
incertidumbre que ha originado la COVID-19 en los mercados financieros, siendo
necesario la información tanto a los usuarios internos como externos a las
compañías respecto a temas de liquidez y solvencia, para evaluar la capacidad de
cumplimiento de las obligaciones, las perspectivas a futuro, entre otros, y tomar
así adecuadas decisiones. Para ello, el trabajo se sustenta, principalmente, en
fuentes bibliográficas, revistas académicas y libros sobre normas contables.
Asimismo, se utiliza los estados financieros de la muestra de tres empresas del
sector hotelero, para efecto de demostrar los objetivos. Respecto a la metodología
utilizada, este trabajo es del tipo cualitativo, y se realiza a un nivel descriptivo,
correlativo y analítico, debido a que recopila y analiza datos, con el fin de describir
un impacto en la liquidez y solvencia en la muestra de las empresas del sector
hotelero supervisadas por la SMV. Por último, se concluye que la crisis originada
por la COVID-19 si tiene un impacto en la liquidez y solvencia en la muestra
seleccionada debido a la disminución del flujo de las actividades de operación y al
apalancamiento obtenido para sobrellevar la situación actual.
The objective of this Thesis Plan is to analyze the impact that COVID-19 has had on liquidity and solvency in companies in the hotel sector supervised by the SMV. For this, the percentage analysis is used, in order to study the representation of different elements of the financial statements; and the analysis by means of liquidity and solvency ratios, to evaluate the relationships between items and have a global reasoning in these aspects. Similarly, the sectional financial analysis is used to be able to compare a company against itself in different periods and with others of similar standards, thus identifying strengths and weaknesses in the organization. This research is of the utmost importance, due to the great uncertainty that COVID-19 has caused in the financial markets, requiring information from both internal and external users of the companies regarding issues of liquidity and solvency, to assess capacity compliance with obligations, future prospects, among others, and make appropriate decisions. Regarding the methodology used, this work is of the qualitative type, and is carried out at a descriptive, correlative and analytical level, because it collects and analyzes data, in order to describe an impact, in this sense, it resorts to the use of bibliographic sources, accounting standards, financial statements and spreadsheets to measure the impact on liquidity and solvency in companies in the hotel sector supervised by the SMV.
The objective of this Thesis Plan is to analyze the impact that COVID-19 has had on liquidity and solvency in companies in the hotel sector supervised by the SMV. For this, the percentage analysis is used, in order to study the representation of different elements of the financial statements; and the analysis by means of liquidity and solvency ratios, to evaluate the relationships between items and have a global reasoning in these aspects. Similarly, the sectional financial analysis is used to be able to compare a company against itself in different periods and with others of similar standards, thus identifying strengths and weaknesses in the organization. This research is of the utmost importance, due to the great uncertainty that COVID-19 has caused in the financial markets, requiring information from both internal and external users of the companies regarding issues of liquidity and solvency, to assess capacity compliance with obligations, future prospects, among others, and make appropriate decisions. Regarding the methodology used, this work is of the qualitative type, and is carried out at a descriptive, correlative and analytical level, because it collects and analyzes data, in order to describe an impact, in this sense, it resorts to the use of bibliographic sources, accounting standards, financial statements and spreadsheets to measure the impact on liquidity and solvency in companies in the hotel sector supervised by the SMV.
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Keywords
COVID-19 (Enfermedad), Hoteles--Administración, Estados financieros--Análisis
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