Análisis de costo beneficio en la implementación de un sistema de iluminación LED en la zona de filtrados ubicado en planta concentradora de una unidad minera en el Perú
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2022-07-07
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El siguiente trabajo de investigación se realizó en una compañía minera
en el Perú, precisamente en el área de filtrados de la planta concentradora y
tiene como punto de partida una propuesta de mejora tanto para el área de
mantenimiento eléctrico y para el departamento de logística.
A través de la buena práctica sobre la gestión de las adquisiciones de
bienes y servicios se buscó tratar de optimizar las compras tanto para mina y
planta concentradora, después de varios análisis se determinó que no era óptimo
la manera como se venía suministrando los materiales de ferretería y
consumibles eléctricos, por ello se pensó rediseñar la planificación de compras
donde se pueda obtener mejores condiciones comerciales en precios, tiempo de
entrega y calidad para cumplir con las expectativas de los usuarios finales. Para
ello se decidió trabajar el comportamiento de uno de los materiales que
frecuentemente se compran, los reflectores de halogenuro metálico 400W 220V.
El problema principal de los reflectores de 400 W es que actualmente no
son los óptimos para los trabajos que se realizan en la zona de filtrados debido
a que su rendimiento es muy bajo, los consumibles tienden a malograrse rápido
por ser muy frágiles y no pueden funcionar por separado, consumen mucho
tiempo operativo al instalarlos, y además en muchas unidades mineras ya se
encuentran obsoletas.
Uno de los objetivos del área de la cadena de suministros es innovar sus
compras con los últimos adelantos de la tecnología, que puedan facilitar el
trabajo del área usuaria comprometiendo responsabilidad con el medio ambiente; por ello, se evaluó el posible reemplazo de las luminarias tradicionales
por unas luminarias LED de 200 W.
Para poder medir los indicadores que nos permitan evaluar si es
conveniente el cambio, es necesario realizar una prueba piloto en el área de
investigación en donde se realice un estudio de calidad de energía, para luego
diseñar la cantidad de las luminarias óptimas en un software llamado Dialux.
Al final del presente trabajo de investigación se determinará el costo
beneficio que implica poder reemplazar las luminarias de halogenuro metálico de
400W por unas luminarias LED de 200W en la zona de filtrados de la planta
concentradora de la compañía minera, presentando resultados basados en
costos de energía, costos de reposición del kit de mantenimiento, costos de
mano de obra de mantenimiento, ahorro y el retorno del capital.
En adición a estos resultados se podrá hacer proyecciones para el cambio
total de luminarias de halogenuro de 400 W que se tiene actualmente en planta
concentradora y en mina, demostrando de esta forma el ahorro económico que
se ganaría cambiando el tipo de luminaria y los beneficios que traen para las
áreas estratégicas y operativas, además de reducir el consumo de energía
promoviendo un trabajo de investigación que apoya al medio ambiente.
Palabras clave: LED, consumibles eléctricos, reflectores de halogenuro, Dialux,
retorno de capital, calidad de energía.
The following research work was carried out in a mining company in Peru, precisely in the filtering area of the concentrator plant and has as its starting point a proposal for improvement both for the electrical maintenance area and for the logistics department. Through good practice on the management of purchases of goods and services, we sought to optimize purchases for both mine and concentrator, after several analyzes it was determined that the way in which the hardware materials were supplied was not optimal and electrical consumables, so it was thought to redesign the purchase planning where you can obtain better commercial conditions in prices, delivery time and quality to meet the expectations of the end users. For this, it was decided to work on the behavior of one of the materials that are frequently purchased, the 400W 220V metal halide reflectors. The main problem of 400 W reflectors is that they are currently not optimal for the work carried out in the filtration zone because their performance is very low, consumables tend to spoil quickly because they are very fragile and cannot work separately, they consume a lot of operational time when installing them, and in addition in many mining units they are already obsolete. One of the objectives of the supply chain area is to innovate its purchases with the latest advances in technology, which can facilitate the work of the user area by committing responsibility to the environment; Therefore, the possible replacement of traditional luminaires with 200 W LED luminaires was evaluated. In order to measure the indicators that allow us to assess whether the change is convenient, it is necessary to conduct a pilot test in the research area where a study of energy quality is carried out, then design the quantity of the optimal luminaires in a software called Dialux At the end of this research work, the cost benefit involved in replacing 400W metal halide luminaires with 200W LED luminaires in the filtration area of the mining company's concentrator plant will be determined, presenting results based on energy costs, maintenance kit replacement costs, maintenance labor costs, savings and capital return. In addition to these results, it will be possible to make projections for the total change of 400 W halide luminaires currently in the concentrator plant and in the mine, thus demonstrating the economic savings that would be gained by changing the type of luminaire and the benefits that they bring to the strategic and operational areas, in addition to reducing energy consumption by promoting research work that supports the environment.
The following research work was carried out in a mining company in Peru, precisely in the filtering area of the concentrator plant and has as its starting point a proposal for improvement both for the electrical maintenance area and for the logistics department. Through good practice on the management of purchases of goods and services, we sought to optimize purchases for both mine and concentrator, after several analyzes it was determined that the way in which the hardware materials were supplied was not optimal and electrical consumables, so it was thought to redesign the purchase planning where you can obtain better commercial conditions in prices, delivery time and quality to meet the expectations of the end users. For this, it was decided to work on the behavior of one of the materials that are frequently purchased, the 400W 220V metal halide reflectors. The main problem of 400 W reflectors is that they are currently not optimal for the work carried out in the filtration zone because their performance is very low, consumables tend to spoil quickly because they are very fragile and cannot work separately, they consume a lot of operational time when installing them, and in addition in many mining units they are already obsolete. One of the objectives of the supply chain area is to innovate its purchases with the latest advances in technology, which can facilitate the work of the user area by committing responsibility to the environment; Therefore, the possible replacement of traditional luminaires with 200 W LED luminaires was evaluated. In order to measure the indicators that allow us to assess whether the change is convenient, it is necessary to conduct a pilot test in the research area where a study of energy quality is carried out, then design the quantity of the optimal luminaires in a software called Dialux At the end of this research work, the cost benefit involved in replacing 400W metal halide luminaires with 200W LED luminaires in the filtration area of the mining company's concentrator plant will be determined, presenting results based on energy costs, maintenance kit replacement costs, maintenance labor costs, savings and capital return. In addition to these results, it will be possible to make projections for the total change of 400 W halide luminaires currently in the concentrator plant and in the mine, thus demonstrating the economic savings that would be gained by changing the type of luminaire and the benefits that they bring to the strategic and operational areas, in addition to reducing energy consumption by promoting research work that supports the environment.
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Minería--Administración, Minería--Costos, Alumbrado
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