Aplicación de la interpretación evolutiva del principio de igualdad y no discriminación por orientación sexual a hechos anteriores al caso Atala Riffo vs. Chile
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2024-03-06
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El presente artículo abordará la aplicación de la interpretación evolutiva a hechos
anteriores a la sentencia Atala Riffo vs. Chile, en adelante caso Karen A., en la
cual se reconoció como motivo prohibido de discriminación a la orientación
sexual. Se busca evidenciar la viabilidad de emplear dicha interpretación en
relación con el principio de igualdad y no discriminación. Ahora bien, esto no
conlleva la generación de nuevas responsabilidades, sino más bien la aclaración
y delimitación del significado de las obligaciones ya presentes en el texto del
Tratado. Estas obligaciones están latentes, a la espera de ser concretadas en el
nuevo contexto interpretativo. Con ese fin, se llevará a cabo un examen de la
normativa internacional a lo largo del tiempo, con el propósito de evidenciar que
en el derecho internación la orientación sexual fue objeto de debate incluso antes
de la emisión de dicha sentencia. Además, se analizará el caso Duque vs.
Colombia con la finalidad de mostrar que la Corte IDH llevó a cabo una
interpretación evolutiva de acuerdo al artículo 29 de la Convención, en el cual se
establece que el texto del tratado debe interpretarse teniendo en cuenta el
principio pro homine. Finalmente, se buscará llegar a la conclusión sobre el rol
fundamental de la interpretación evolutiva en el ámbito internacional, ya que su
principal base radica en salvaguardar los derechos fundamentales a lo largo del
tiempo. Se destacará que la Corte IDH, en sus dictámenes, busca adoptar
aquella interpretación que otorgue a las personas mayor protección de sus
derechos.
This article will address the application of evolutionary interpretation to events prior to the ruling Atala Riffo vs. Chile, in which sexual orientation was recognized as a prohibited reason for discrimination. It seeks to demonstrate the viability of using said interpretation in relation to the principle of equality and nondiscrimination. However, this does not entail the generation of new responsibilities, but rather the clarification and delimitation of the meaning of the obligations already present in the text of the Treaty. These obligations are latent, waiting to be concretized in the new interpretive context. To this end, an examination of international regulations will be carried out over time, with the purpose of showing that in international law sexual orientation was the subject of debate even before the issuance of said ruling. In addition, the case Duque vs. Colombia with the purpose of showing that the Inter-American Court carried out an evolutionary interpretation in accordance with article 29 of the Convention, which establishes that the text of the treaty must be interpreted taking into account the pro homine principle. Finally, we will seek to reach a conclusion about the fundamental role of evolutionary interpretation in the international arena, since its main basis lies in safeguarding fundamental rights over time. It will be highlighted that the Inter-American Court, in its rulings, seeks to adopt that interpretation that grants people greater protection of their rights.
This article will address the application of evolutionary interpretation to events prior to the ruling Atala Riffo vs. Chile, in which sexual orientation was recognized as a prohibited reason for discrimination. It seeks to demonstrate the viability of using said interpretation in relation to the principle of equality and nondiscrimination. However, this does not entail the generation of new responsibilities, but rather the clarification and delimitation of the meaning of the obligations already present in the text of the Treaty. These obligations are latent, waiting to be concretized in the new interpretive context. To this end, an examination of international regulations will be carried out over time, with the purpose of showing that in international law sexual orientation was the subject of debate even before the issuance of said ruling. In addition, the case Duque vs. Colombia with the purpose of showing that the Inter-American Court carried out an evolutionary interpretation in accordance with article 29 of the Convention, which establishes that the text of the treaty must be interpreted taking into account the pro homine principle. Finally, we will seek to reach a conclusion about the fundamental role of evolutionary interpretation in the international arena, since its main basis lies in safeguarding fundamental rights over time. It will be highlighted that the Inter-American Court, in its rulings, seeks to adopt that interpretation that grants people greater protection of their rights.
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Discriminación sexual--América Latina, Derechos fundamentales, Derechos humanos, Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos--Jurisprudencia
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