Informe Jurídico sobre la Sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional en el Expediente N° 06040-2015-AA: Caso Ana Romero
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2022-08-10
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El presente trabajo aborda el análisis crítico del caso de Ana Romero a través de la sentencia
del Exp. N° 06040-2015-AA, el cual surge del problema sobre el reconocimiento del derecho
a la identidad para el caso de las personas trans. Dado que en el Perú el cambio de sexo y
nombre se ha hecho efectivo a través de la vía judicial, es que se propone un análisis de los
fundamentos resolutivos esbozados por el Tribunal Constitucional peruano.
En ese sentido es que se evidenciará la contradicción entre dichos fundamentos y la
construcción argumentativa del Tribunal, que terminó alejándose de una decisión más
garantista y optó por escoger una más conservadora del proceso.
Así mismo se plasmará la crítica sobre la idoneidad de vías igualmente satisfactorias, señalada
por el Tribunal y la vinculación intrínseca entre la Administración Pública y la justicia
constitucional, en el papel activo de protección de derechos fundamentales; que como veremos
la RENIEC pretende desconocer.
Es por todo ello, que se propone la Ley de Identidad Trans como la herramienta necesaria para
pensar la idoneidad y la protección del derecho alegado por la recurrente, a la luz de la
experiencia comparada en Chile, Argentina, Bolivia y Uruguay.
This paper addresses the critical analysis of Ana Romero's case through the judgment of Exp. No. 06040-2015-AA, which arises from the problem of the recognition of the right to identity in the case of trans people. Given that in Peru the change of sex and name has been made effective through the judicial process, an analysis of the resolutive grounds outlined by the Peruvian Constitutional Court is proposed. In this sense, the contradiction between these grounds and the argumentative construction of the Court will be shown, which ended up moving away from a more guaranteeing decision and opted to choose a more conservative one in the process. Likewise, the criticism of the suitability of equally satisfactory ways, indicated by the Court and the intrinsic link between the Public Administration and constitutional justice, in the active role of protection of fundamental rights, will be reflected; which, as we will see, RENIEC intends to ignore. For all these reasons, the Trans Identity Law is proposed as the necessary tool to consider the suitability and protection of the right alleged by the appellant, in light of the comparative experience in Chile, Argentina, Bolivia and Uruguay.
This paper addresses the critical analysis of Ana Romero's case through the judgment of Exp. No. 06040-2015-AA, which arises from the problem of the recognition of the right to identity in the case of trans people. Given that in Peru the change of sex and name has been made effective through the judicial process, an analysis of the resolutive grounds outlined by the Peruvian Constitutional Court is proposed. In this sense, the contradiction between these grounds and the argumentative construction of the Court will be shown, which ended up moving away from a more guaranteeing decision and opted to choose a more conservative one in the process. Likewise, the criticism of the suitability of equally satisfactory ways, indicated by the Court and the intrinsic link between the Public Administration and constitutional justice, in the active role of protection of fundamental rights, will be reflected; which, as we will see, RENIEC intends to ignore. For all these reasons, the Trans Identity Law is proposed as the necessary tool to consider the suitability and protection of the right alleged by the appellant, in light of the comparative experience in Chile, Argentina, Bolivia and Uruguay.
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Identidad--Legislación--Perú, Transexuales--Perú, Identidad de género, Derechos fundamentales, Derecho comparado--América Latina
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