Aportes al diseño institucional de la Autoridad de Transporte Urbano para Lima y Callao (ATU), un análisis a su naturaleza jurídica
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2024-04-19
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Resumen
La Autoridad de Transporte Urbano para Lima y Callao (en adelante ATU) es un
organismo público técnico especializado adscrito al Ministerio de Transportes y
Comunicaciones que posee competencias de planeamiento, otorgamiento de
títulos habilitantes, emisión de normativa técnica, regulación tarifaria,
fiscalización y sanción del cumplimiento de las obligaciones de servicio público
del transporte urbano de pasajeros, que se configuró como una respuesta legal
prágmatica que intentar palear los efectos generados por el régimen de permisos
municipales que ha sido gestionado asimétricamente por la Municipalidad
Metropolitana de Lima (en adelante, MUNILIMA) y la Municipalidad Provincial del
Callao (en adelante, MUNICALLAO) que se configuró como una respuesta
pragmática al régimen de liberalización del transporte de la decada de los
noventa, que a su vez fue una respuesta pragmática de la limitada capacidad de
la empresa pública eregida durante un gobierno de facto; sin embargo, el
transporte urbano de pasajeros es natural e históricamente un servicio público
municipal que requiere tutela dada la autonomía municipal que se fundamenta
en la teoría de la garantía institucional. Asimismo, ante las competencias
otorgadas a la ATU se requiere un grado de autonomía elevado dada la potestad
de intervenir en el mercado de transporte urbano, por consiguiente, se sugiere la
creación de un organismo municipal paritario que se encargue de planificar y
otorgar los títulos habilitantes del servicio público y se erija en la ATU la
competencia normativa, reguladora, fiscalizadora, sancionadora y de atención
quejas y reclamos, creandose un organismo regulador local que goce de
autonomía de las autoridades subnacionales.
The Urban Transportation Authority for Lima and Callao (hereinafter ATU) is a specialized technical public body attached to the Ministry of Transportation and Communications that has powers of planning, granting of enabling titles, issuance of technical regulations, tariff regulation, inspection and sanction of the compliance with the public service obligations of urban passenger transport, which was configured as a pragmatic legal response to try to alleviate the effects generated by the municipal permit regime that has been managed asymmetrically by the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima (hereinafter, MUNILIMA). and the Provincial Municipality of Callao (hereinafter, MUNICALLAO), which was configured as a pragmatic response to the transport liberalization regime of the 1990s, which in turn was a pragmatic response to the limited capacity of the public company erected during a de facto government; However, urban passenger transportation is naturally and historically a municipal public service that requires protection given the municipal autonomy that is based on the theory of institutional guarantee. Likewise, given the powers granted to the ATU, a high degree of autonomy is required given the power to intervene in the urban transport market, therefore, the creation of a joint municipal body that is responsible for planning and granting the enabling titles is suggested. of the public service and the normative, regulatory, supervisory, sanctioning and handling of complaints and claims is established in the ATU, creating a local regulatory body that enjoys autonomy from the subnational authorities.
The Urban Transportation Authority for Lima and Callao (hereinafter ATU) is a specialized technical public body attached to the Ministry of Transportation and Communications that has powers of planning, granting of enabling titles, issuance of technical regulations, tariff regulation, inspection and sanction of the compliance with the public service obligations of urban passenger transport, which was configured as a pragmatic legal response to try to alleviate the effects generated by the municipal permit regime that has been managed asymmetrically by the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima (hereinafter, MUNILIMA). and the Provincial Municipality of Callao (hereinafter, MUNICALLAO), which was configured as a pragmatic response to the transport liberalization regime of the 1990s, which in turn was a pragmatic response to the limited capacity of the public company erected during a de facto government; However, urban passenger transportation is naturally and historically a municipal public service that requires protection given the municipal autonomy that is based on the theory of institutional guarantee. Likewise, given the powers granted to the ATU, a high degree of autonomy is required given the power to intervene in the urban transport market, therefore, the creation of a joint municipal body that is responsible for planning and granting the enabling titles is suggested. of the public service and the normative, regulatory, supervisory, sanctioning and handling of complaints and claims is established in the ATU, creating a local regulatory body that enjoys autonomy from the subnational authorities.
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Transporte urbano--Perú, Calidad de vida--Perú, Transporte urbano--Tarifas--Perú
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item.page.review
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