Análisis de la gestión de una MYPE en proyectos de construcción en el sector público desde el enfoque del PMBOK Sexta-Edición
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Date
2024-05-06
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
De acuerdo con diversos estudios a nivel nacional, las micro y pequeñas empresas (MYPEs)
en el rubro de la construcción carecen de una cultura empresarial adecuada y conocimientos en
gestión de proyectos, lo que conduce a procesos ineficientes, pérdidas y baja productividad.
Además, su enfoque empírico y falta de responsabilidad social afectan su estructura
organizacional. Por lo tanto, las hipótesis plantean que la gestión de proyectos de dichas MYPEs
no se alinea con el PMBOK, instrumento internacionalmente reconocido para la gestión de
proyectos y aplicado en diversos sectores, pero sí contribuye al desarrollo del sector construcción;
además, se plantea que los factores que afectan la productividad de estas MYPEs están
relacionados con su gestión de proyectos.
Para el desarrollo de la investigación se planea realizar entrevistas a una MYPE de
construcción y a su gerente de proyectos en la provincia de Cajamarca. Estas entrevistas permitirán
realizar un diagnóstico empresarial, su conocimiento sobre sistemas de gestión y el alineamiento
con el PMBOK. Además, durante la ejecución del proyecto, mediante visitas a campo, también se
recopilarán datos cuantitativos y cualitativos en diferentes áreas de gestión de proyectos de la
MYPE.
Finalmente, los hallazgos revelan que la MYPE evaluada emplea una gestión de proyectos
parcialmente alineada al enfoque propuesto por el PMBOK. Sin embargo, se identifican
diferencias importantes que podrían reducirse para un mejor desempeño. En cuanto al impacto en
el desarrollo sectorial, se observaron indicadores positivos, como la satisfacción del cliente, la
relación con proveedores y entidades financieras, y la generación de utilidades, lo cual respalda la
contribución de la gestión de proyectos de la MYPE al desarrollo del sector construcción.
According to various national studies, micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in the construction sector lack appropriate business culture and project management knowledge, leading to inefficient processes, losses, and low productivity. Furthermore, their empirical approach and lack of social responsibility impact their organizational structure. Therefore, the hypotheses suggest that the project management of these MSEs is not aligned with the PMBOK, which is a recognized international project management framework applied across various sectors, but it does contribute to the development of the construction sector. Additionally, it is proposed that the factors affecting the productivity of these MSEs are related to their project management. For the research development, interviews are planned with a construction MSE and its project manager in the province of Cajamarca. These interviews will allow analyzing the current situation of the company, its knowledge of management systems, and alignment with the PMBOK. Moreover, during project execution, quantitative and qualitative data will be collected in different project management areas of the MSE through field visits. Ultimately, the obtained results reveal that the evaluated MSE employs project management partially aligned with the approach proposed by the PMBOK. However, significant differences have been identified that could be reduced for improved performance. Regarding the impact on sectoral development, positive indicators were observed, such as customer satisfaction, relationships with suppliers and financial institutions, and profit generation, which support the contribution of the MSE's project management to the development of the construction sector.
According to various national studies, micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in the construction sector lack appropriate business culture and project management knowledge, leading to inefficient processes, losses, and low productivity. Furthermore, their empirical approach and lack of social responsibility impact their organizational structure. Therefore, the hypotheses suggest that the project management of these MSEs is not aligned with the PMBOK, which is a recognized international project management framework applied across various sectors, but it does contribute to the development of the construction sector. Additionally, it is proposed that the factors affecting the productivity of these MSEs are related to their project management. For the research development, interviews are planned with a construction MSE and its project manager in the province of Cajamarca. These interviews will allow analyzing the current situation of the company, its knowledge of management systems, and alignment with the PMBOK. Moreover, during project execution, quantitative and qualitative data will be collected in different project management areas of the MSE through field visits. Ultimately, the obtained results reveal that the evaluated MSE employs project management partially aligned with the approach proposed by the PMBOK. However, significant differences have been identified that could be reduced for improved performance. Regarding the impact on sectoral development, positive indicators were observed, such as customer satisfaction, relationships with suppliers and financial institutions, and profit generation, which support the contribution of the MSE's project management to the development of the construction sector.
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Keywords
Pequeñas y medianas empresas--Perú, Industria de la construcción--Perú, Administración de proyectos--Perú
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