Efectos de la música tradicional peruana en componentes de la identidad nacional, emociones y actitudes
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2019-11-28
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación busca analizar el efecto que tienen distintos géneros de música
tradicional peruana (Vals, Festejo y Huayno) en los componentes de la identidad nacional,
así como también en aspectos emocionales y en las actitudes hacia la música. Para ello,
se diseñó un estudio previo el cual tiene como objetivo construir y validar una escala
sobre actitudes hacia la música. Esto resulta relevante debido a que, dentro de la revisión
bibliográfica, no se encontró evidencia de cómo medir dichas actitudes. Los resultados
demuestran que el instrumento creado funciona correctamente habiendo realizado un
análisis exhaustivo de sus propiedades psicométricas de validez y confiabilidad. Todo
ello serviría de insumo al segundo estudio de la tesis, el cual posee un diseño de tipo
experimental. Para tal fin, se contó con la participación de 137 jóvenes adultos de un
sector socioeconómico medio para arriba y urbanos divididos en 3 grupos experimentales
y 1 grupo de control. Los resultados indican que no existen diferencias entre las
condiciones en relación con la identificación con el país al ser un rasgo más estable. No
obstante, se halló que la autoestima colectiva aumenta después de haber escuchado la
música de manera similar en todos los grupos. Esto podría indicar que la música podría
funcionar como un potenciador de orgullo nacional independientemente del género en sí.
Adicionalmente, se encuentra que las actitudes hacia la música presentada correlacionan
con algunos componentes de la autoestereotipia nacional, así como con las emociones.
Se discuten las implicancias de los resultados bajo aspectos teóricos y metodológicos.
This research seeks to analyze the effect that traditional Peruvian music (Waltz, Festejo and Huayno) has on the components of national identity, as well as emotional aspects and attitudes towards music. For this, a previous study was designed which aims to build and validate a scale about attitudes towards music. This is relevant because, within the literature review, no evidence was found of how to measure this kind of attitudes in the context of music. The results show that the instrument created works correctly having made an exhaustive analysis of its psychometric properties of validity and reliability. All this would serve as input to the main study which has an experimental nature. To this end, 137 young adults from a middle-up and urban socioeconomic sector were divided into 3 experimental groups and 1 control group. The results indicate that there are no differences between the conditions in relation to identification with the country as it is a more stable trait. However, it was found that collective self-esteem increases after having listened to music in a similar way in all groups. This could indicate that music could function as a national pride enhancer regardless of the genre itself. Additionally, it is found that attitudes towards the music correlate with some components of national auto stereotyping, as well as emotions. The implications of the results are discussed under theoretical and methodological aspects.
This research seeks to analyze the effect that traditional Peruvian music (Waltz, Festejo and Huayno) has on the components of national identity, as well as emotional aspects and attitudes towards music. For this, a previous study was designed which aims to build and validate a scale about attitudes towards music. This is relevant because, within the literature review, no evidence was found of how to measure this kind of attitudes in the context of music. The results show that the instrument created works correctly having made an exhaustive analysis of its psychometric properties of validity and reliability. All this would serve as input to the main study which has an experimental nature. To this end, 137 young adults from a middle-up and urban socioeconomic sector were divided into 3 experimental groups and 1 control group. The results indicate that there are no differences between the conditions in relation to identification with the country as it is a more stable trait. However, it was found that collective self-esteem increases after having listened to music in a similar way in all groups. This could indicate that music could function as a national pride enhancer regardless of the genre itself. Additionally, it is found that attitudes towards the music correlate with some components of national auto stereotyping, as well as emotions. The implications of the results are discussed under theoretical and methodological aspects.
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Identidad nacional--Perú--Aspectos psicológicos, Música popular--Perú, Cultura popular--Perú, Clase media--Perú--Actitudes, Música--Aspectos sociales--Perú
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