Choques anticipados y efectividad de la política fiscal en el Perú
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2021-03-17
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El objetivo de la presente investigación es medir la efectividad de la
política fiscal (a través del gasto público (GP)) y la implicancia de los choques
anticipados sobre los efectos del GP. Diversos estudios empíricos fueron
realizados para el caso peruano y la mayoría de estos aplican un esquema
recursivo para identificar los choques del gasto público. Dicho esquema de
identificación no lidia con que las decisiones de gasto público presentan
rezagos en su decisión e implementación; y que implica que los choques del
gasto público puedan ser anticipados por los agentes, a lo que se llama
previsibilidad fiscal. Ello genera un desalineamiento entre la información que
poseen los agentes económicos y el econometrista; e induce a que las
representaciones MA de los modelos SVAR no sean invertibles. Para tratar
este problema registrado por la literatura, se propone un esquema de
identificación novedoso para el caso peruano; el cual consiste en la
incorporación de las proyecciones del gasto público en un modelo VAR; las
cuales son obtenidas de los Reportes de Inflación publicados por el BCRP a
partir del 2002. Se estiman dos modelos: uno que incorpora el gasto público,
el PBI y el consumo privado; y otro le incorpora al anterior las proyecciones.
Como resultados se obtuvo que la incorporación de las proyecciones
incrementa el impacto del gasto público sobre el consumo y el PBI a partir
del trimestre 4. Los choques anticipados de la política fiscal, teórica y
empíricamente, tienen una implicancia sobre la estimación de los efectos del
gasto público sobre variables macroeconómicas, y es importante estudiarlo
para el caso peruano.
The objective of this research is to measure the effectiveness of fiscal policy (through public spending) and the implication of anticipated shocks on the effects of the public spending. Various empirical studies were carried out for the Peruvian case and most of these apply a recursive scheme to identify public spending shocks. This identification scheme doesn’t deal with the fact that public spending decisions present lags in their decision and implementation. This implies that public spending shocks can be anticipated by agents, which is called fiscal foresight. This generates a misalignment between the information possessed by economic agents and the econometrician; and it induces that the MA representations of the SVAR models are not invertible. To deal with this problem registered in the literature, a novel identification scheme is proposed for the Peruvian case; which consists of the incorporation of public spending projections in a VAR model; which are obtained from the Inflation Reports published by the BCRP since 2002. Two models are estimated: one that incorporates public spending, GDP and private consumption; and the another incorporates the previous projections. As results, it was obtained that the incorporation of the projections increases the impact of public spending on consumption and GDP as of quarter 4. The anticipated shocks of fiscal policy, theoretically and empirically, have an implication on the estimation of the effects of the public spending on macroeconomic variables, and it is important to study it for the Peruvian case.
The objective of this research is to measure the effectiveness of fiscal policy (through public spending) and the implication of anticipated shocks on the effects of the public spending. Various empirical studies were carried out for the Peruvian case and most of these apply a recursive scheme to identify public spending shocks. This identification scheme doesn’t deal with the fact that public spending decisions present lags in their decision and implementation. This implies that public spending shocks can be anticipated by agents, which is called fiscal foresight. This generates a misalignment between the information possessed by economic agents and the econometrician; and it induces that the MA representations of the SVAR models are not invertible. To deal with this problem registered in the literature, a novel identification scheme is proposed for the Peruvian case; which consists of the incorporation of public spending projections in a VAR model; which are obtained from the Inflation Reports published by the BCRP since 2002. Two models are estimated: one that incorporates public spending, GDP and private consumption; and the another incorporates the previous projections. As results, it was obtained that the incorporation of the projections increases the impact of public spending on consumption and GDP as of quarter 4. The anticipated shocks of fiscal policy, theoretically and empirically, have an implication on the estimation of the effects of the public spending on macroeconomic variables, and it is important to study it for the Peruvian case.
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Política fiscal--Perú, Gastos públicos--Perú, Finanzas públicas--Perú
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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