La recreación intersubjetiva del yo en el diálogo literario de El beso de la mujer araña de Manuel Puig
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2019-04-29
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Esta investigación busca sustentar una propuesta de interpretación de la novela El beso de la
mujer araña, del escritor argentino Manuel Puig. Tradicionalmente, la crítica literaria ha
propuesto interpretaciones centradas en su estructura dialogal, que renueva y subvierte el
canon de la narrativa latinoamericana de la década del 70; en su transgresión de los discursos
hegemónicos de la época en torno de la sexualidad y la política; en el diálogo entre narrativa
y cine que supone la obra de Puig. Este trabajo propone una interpretación distinta. En primer
lugar, se sostiene en los supuestos teóricos de la filosofía del lenguaje de Donald Davidson y
la novela polifónica de Mijail Bajtín. En segundo lugar, la metodología incluye dos
propuestas de acercamiento al texto literario: el análisis pragmático de Antonio Narbona y la
actitud metaforizante desarrollada por Jorge Wiesse. Es decir, partiendo de un acercamiento
intuitivo al texto de Puig, se presta atención a los detalles en el uso del lenguaje y en los
tópicos tratados para plantear una generalización. Esta se contrasta en cada capítulo con
nuevos detalles formales y de contenido, y así se genera un movimiento de vaivén (Spitzer
1982). En esa trayectoria de lo inductivo a lo deductivo, surge una lectura interpretativa
original: El beso de la mujer araña ofrece una metáfora del proceso de recreación
intersubjetiva de los protagonistas a través del diálogo. Valentín y Molina pasan del
internalismo en la comprensión de la realidad (el mundo es tal y como se lo imaginan en sus
mentes) al externalismo (el mundo se construye intersubjetivamente). Así se recrea
metafóricamente un proceso de transformación intersubjetiva del yo. Este se replica
metatextualmente, ya que, en cada nueva lectura interpretativa, no solo se recrea la ficción,
sino también la forma de concebir el texto literario por parte de los lectores.
Palabras clave: diálogo, internalismo, externalismo, intersubjetividad
The purpose of this research is to propose an interpretation of the novel entitled Kiss of the Spider Woman, by Argentinian writer Manuel Puig. Traditionally, literary criticism has proposed interpretations centered on its dialogical structure, which renews and subverts the canon of the Latin American narrative of the 70s; on its transgression of the hegemonic discourses of the time around sexuality and politics; on the dialogue between narrative and cinema implied by Puig's work. This work proposes a different interpretation. First, it is based on the theoretical assumptions of Donald Davidson's philosophy of language and Mikhail Bakhtin's polyphonic novel. Secondly, the methodology includes two proposals for approaching the literary text: the pragmatic analysis of Antonio Narbona and the metaphorizing attitude developed by Jorge Wiesse. That is, starting from an intuitive approach to Puig's text, attention is paid to the details in the use of language and in the topics treated in order to propose a generalization. This is contrasted in each chapter with new formal details and content, and thus a back and forth movement is generated (Spitzer 1982). In this trajectory from the inductive to the deductive, an original interpretive reading emerges: Kiss of the Spider Woman offers a metaphor of the process of intersubjective recreation of the protagonists through dialogue. Valentín and Molina go from internalism in the understanding of reality (the world is as they imagine it in their minds) to externalism (the world is built intersubjectively). This metaphorically recreates a process of intersubjective transformation of the self. This metatextually replicates, since, in each new interpretive reading, not only the fiction is recreated, but also the way of conceiving the literary text by the readers.
The purpose of this research is to propose an interpretation of the novel entitled Kiss of the Spider Woman, by Argentinian writer Manuel Puig. Traditionally, literary criticism has proposed interpretations centered on its dialogical structure, which renews and subverts the canon of the Latin American narrative of the 70s; on its transgression of the hegemonic discourses of the time around sexuality and politics; on the dialogue between narrative and cinema implied by Puig's work. This work proposes a different interpretation. First, it is based on the theoretical assumptions of Donald Davidson's philosophy of language and Mikhail Bakhtin's polyphonic novel. Secondly, the methodology includes two proposals for approaching the literary text: the pragmatic analysis of Antonio Narbona and the metaphorizing attitude developed by Jorge Wiesse. That is, starting from an intuitive approach to Puig's text, attention is paid to the details in the use of language and in the topics treated in order to propose a generalization. This is contrasted in each chapter with new formal details and content, and thus a back and forth movement is generated (Spitzer 1982). In this trajectory from the inductive to the deductive, an original interpretive reading emerges: Kiss of the Spider Woman offers a metaphor of the process of intersubjective recreation of the protagonists through dialogue. Valentín and Molina go from internalism in the understanding of reality (the world is as they imagine it in their minds) to externalism (the world is built intersubjectively). This metaphorically recreates a process of intersubjective transformation of the self. This metatextually replicates, since, in each new interpretive reading, not only the fiction is recreated, but also the way of conceiving the literary text by the readers.
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Puig, Manuel. El beso de la mujer araña--Crítica e interpretación, Novela argentina--Siglo XX
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